The goal is to understand the low-flux state and long-term behaviour of blazarsat high-energies by studying Mrk 421 with a combination of observations fromX-rays to TeV gamma rays, with two INTEGRAL observations of 370 ks each, one ineach of the visibility periods in Maya??June and Nova??Dec. These observationswill be enhanced with snapshots with XMM-Newton and Swift, and public monitoringprograms by Fermi and Swift/XRT. The energy ranges covered by INTEGRAL and FACTare crucial for modelling the SED of blazars; we want to investigate thebehaviour on timescales of months, to constrain blazar emission models.Comparing two observations, we want to investigate if Mrk 421 exhibits a peakshift and thus a tendency to extreme behaviour (as Mrk 501 and 1ES 2344+51.4).
Instrument
EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage
2020-11-19T02:18:52Z/2020-11-23T08:44:47Z
Version
19.17_20220121_1250
Mission Description
The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
European Space Agency, Dr Daniela Dorner, 2022, 'MRK 421: COORDINATED MULTI-MISSION HIGH-ENERGY STUDY OF A REMARKABLE BLAZAR', 19.17_20220121_1250, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-bkcfv03
