Mass-loading occurs when a fast, tenuous flow ablates a slow, dense clump,resulting in the mixing of cool material into the hot shocked gas. Mass-loadingexists in many astrophysical settings and affects the X- ray luminosity andtemperature of the hot gas. Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of theborn-again planetary nebula (PN) Abell 30 have revealed a puzzling soft pointsource at the central star and soft diffuse X-rays associated with interactionsbetween the fast stellar wind and H-poor ejecta, where mass- loading andcharge-exchange reactions occur. We request XMM-Newton observations of Abell 78,the only additional well-resolved born-again PN, to confirm the effects ofmass-loading and charge-exchange processes in born-again PNe.
Instrument
EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage
2013-06-02T14:59:55Z/2013-06-03T07:30:10Z
Version
17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description
The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
European Space Agency, Dr Martin Guerrero, 2014, 'X-ray Study of Born-Again Planetary Nebulae', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-0bgfafi
