A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: Testing Black Hole Unification
Published: 2010-07-01T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	060632
Title	Testing Black Hole Unification
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606320101 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606320201 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606320301 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606320401 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321301 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321401 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321501 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321601 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321701 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321801 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606321901 ... https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606322001 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606322101 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606322201 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0606322301
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-2tqe4bd
Principal Investigator, PI	Dr Simon Vaughan
Abstract	We propose a 480 ks observation of NGC 4051 to definitively test forquasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) analogous to those seen in Galactic BlackHoles (GBHs). These would confirm the unifying link between accreting blackholes of all masses and provide a powerful new diagnostic of the strong-gravityregion, giving the most model-independent constraints on black hole spin. Wewill reveal for the first time the X-ray variability of a black hole atfrequencies far above the Keplerian frequency of the innermost stable circularorbit, beyond what is possible for GBHs, and use this to probe the dynamics andgeometry of the X-ray emission region.
Publications	An extended XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4051 - III. Fe K emission and absorption \|Pounds K. A. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 423-165 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423..165P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423..165P An extended XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4051 - I. Evidence for a shocked outflow \|Pounds K. A. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 413-1251 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.413.1251P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.413.1251P The rapid X-ray variability of NGC 4051 \|Vaughan S. Uttley P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 413-2489 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.413.2489V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.413.2489V An extended XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4051 - II. Soft X-ray emission from a limb-brightened shell of post-shock gas \|Pounds K. A. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 415-2379 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.415.2379P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.415.2379P Testing a Scale-independent Method to Measure the Mass of Black Holes \|Gliozzi M. Titarchuk L. et al. \| ApJ \| 735-16 \| 2011 \| 2011ApJ...735...16G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011ApJ...735...16G CAIXA: a catalogue of AGN in the XMM-Newton archive. III. Excess variance analysis \|Ponti G. Papadakis I. et al. \| A&A \| 542-83 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...542A..83P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...542A..83P X-ray variability of 104 active galactic nuclei. XMM-Newton power-spectrum density profiles \|Gonzalez-Martin O. Vaughan S. \| A&A \| 544-80 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...544A..80G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...544A..80G An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities \|Henley David B. Shelton Robin L. \| ApJS \| 202-14 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJS..202...14H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJS..202...14H Ultraviolet and X-ray variability of NGC 4051 over 45 days with XMM-Newton and Swift \|Alston W. N. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 429-75 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.429...75A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.429...75A A Comparison of Hard X-ray Photon Indices and Iron Kalpha Emission Lines in X-ray Luminous Narrow- and Broad-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies \|Zhou Xin-Lin Zhang Shuang-Nan \| ApJ \| 713-11 \| 2010 \| 2010ApJ...713L..11Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010ApJ...713L..11Z Discovery of a relation between black hole mass and soft X-ray time lags in active galactic nuclei \|De Marco B. Ponti G. et al. \| MNRAS \| 431-2441 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.431.2441D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.431.2441D The shocked outflow in NGC 4051 - momentum-driven feedback ultrafast outflows and warm absorbers \|Pounds K. A. King A. R. \| MNRAS \| 433-1369 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.433.1369P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.433.1369P An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. III. The Galactic Halo X-Ray Emission \|Henley David B. Shelton Robin L. \| ApJ \| 773-92 \| 2013 \| 2013ApJ...773...92H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013ApJ...773...92H The flux-dependent X-ray time lags in NGC 4051 \|Alston W. N. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 435-1511 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.435.1511A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.435.1511A X-Ray Observations of Powerful AGN Outflows. Implications for Feedback \|Pounds Ken \| SSRv \| 183-339 \| 2014 \| 2014SSRv..183..339P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014SSRv..183..339P General relativistic modelling of the negative reverberation X-ray time delays in AGN \|Emmanoulopoulos D. Papadakis I. E. et al. \| MNRAS \| 439-3931 \| 2014 \| 2014MNRAS.439.3931E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014MNRAS.439.3931E Synapses of active galactic nuclei:. Comparing X-ray and optical classifications using artificial neural networks \|Gonzalez-Martin O. Diaz-Gonzalez D. et al. \| A&A \| 567-92 \| 2014 \| 2014A&A...567A..92G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014A&A...567A..92G Serendipitous UV source catalogues for 10 years of XMM and 5 years of Swift \|Yershov V. N. \| Ap&SS \| 354-97 \| 2014 \| 2014Ap&SS.354...97Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Ap&SS.354...97Y Revealing the X-ray variability of AGN with principal component analysis \|Parker M. L. Fabian A. C. et al. \| MNRAS \| 447-72 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.447...72P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.447...72P The Origin of the Hot Gas in the Galactic Halo: Testing Galactic Fountain Models X-Ray Emission \|Henley David B. Shelton Robin L. et al. \| ApJ \| 800-102 \| 2015 \| 2015ApJ...800..102H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ApJ...800..102H X-ray reverberation around accreting black holes \|Uttley P. Cackett E. M. et al. \| A&ARv \| 22-72 \| 2014 \| 2014A&ARv..22...72U \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014A&ARv..22...72U Non-detection of X-ray emission from sterile neutrinos in stacked galaxy spectra \|Anderson Michael E. Churazov Eugene \| MNRAS \| 452-3905 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.452.3905A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.452.3905A Powerful Outflows and Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei \|King Andrew Pounds Ken \| ARA&A \| 53-115 \| 2015 \| 2015ARA&A..53..115K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ARA&A..53..115K The Rotation of the Hot Gas around the Milky Way \|Hodges-Kluck Edmund J. Miller Matthew J. \| ApJ \| 822-21 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...822...21H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...822...21H X-Ray Variability and the Inner Region in Active Galactic Nuclei \|Mohan P. Mangalam A. \| ApJ \| 791-74 \| 2014 \| 2014ApJ...791...74M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...791...74M A search for X-ray reprocessing echoes in the power spectral density functions of AGN \|Emmanoulopoulos D. Papadakis I. E. et al. \| MNRAS \| 461-1642 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.461.1642E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.461.1642E Ensemble X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei. II. Excess variance and updated structure function \|Vagnetti F. Middei R. et al. \| A&A \| 593-55 \| 2016 \| 2016A&A...593A..55V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...593A..55V The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Ways Hot Gas Halo \|Miller Matthew J. Bregman Joel N. \| ApJ \| 829-9 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...829....9M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...829....9M The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch Eric W. \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F Timing the warm absorber in NGC 4051 \|Silva C. V. Uttley P. \| A&A \| 596-79 \| 2016 \| 2016A&A...596A..79S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...596A..79S Nature of the warm absorber outflow in NGC 4051 \|Mizumoto Misaki Ebisawa Ken \| MNRAS \| 466-3259 \| 2017 \| 2017MNRAS.466.3259M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.466.3259M The X-ray continuum time-lags and intrinsic coherence in AGN \|Epitropakis A. Papadakis I. E. \| MNRAS \| 468-3568 \| 2017 \| 2017MNRAS.468.3568E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.468.3568E NGC 4051: Black hole mass and photon index-mass accretion rate correlation \|Seifina Elena Chekhtman Alexandre \| A&A \| 613-48 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...613A..48S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...613A..48S Are narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies highly accreting low-MBH AGNs? \|Williams James K. Gliozzi Mario \| MNRAS \| 480-96 \| 2018 \| 2018MNRAS.480...96W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018MNRAS.480...96W Scaling of X-ray spectral properties of a black hole in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC7469 \|Seifina Elena Titarchuk Lev \| A&A \| 619-21 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...619A..21S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...619A..21S Multicomponent power-density spectra of Kepler AGNs an instrumental artefact or a physical origin? \|Dobrotka A. Bezak P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 483-38 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.483...38D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.483...38D X-ray time lags in AGN: inverse-Compton scattering and spherical corona model \|Chainakun P. Watcharangkool A. et al. \| MNRAS \| 487-667 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.487..667C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.487..667C Direct Observation of the Broad Line Region in X-Rays during the Low State of NGC 4051 \|Peretz Uria Miller Jon M. \| ApJ \| 879-102 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJ...879..102P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJ...879..102P Intra-day variability of three Seyfert galaxies measured with XMM-Newton \|Tripathi Ashutosh Wiita Paul Joseph et al. \| RAA \| 19-109 \| 2019 \| 2019RAA....19..109T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019RAA....19..109T Spectral index-mass accretion rate correlation and evaluation of black hole masses in AGNs 3C 454.3 and M 87 \|Titarchuk Lev Seifina Elena et al. \| A&A \| 633-73 \| 2020 \| 2020A&A...633A..73T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...633A..73T A Broadband X-Ray Study of a Sample of AGNs with O III Measured Inclinations \|Zhao X. Marchesi S. et al. \| ApJ \| 894-71 \| 2020 \| 2020ApJ...894...71Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020ApJ...894...71Z More than softer-when-brighter: The X-ray powerlaw spectral variability in NGC 4051 \|Wu Yun-Jing Wang Jun-Xian et al. \| SCPMA \| 63-129512 \| 2020 \| 2020SCPMA..6329512W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020SCPMA..6329512W Constraining the Milky Way Mass with Its Hot Gaseous Halo \|Guo Fulai Zhang Ruiyu \| ApJ \| 904-14 \| 2020 \| 2020ApJ...904L..14G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020ApJ...904L..14G An X-Ray- and SZ-bright Diffuse Source toward M31: A Local Hot Bridge \|Qu Zhijie Huang Rui et al. \| ApJ \| 907-14 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...907...14Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...907...14Q Searching for energy-resolved quasi-periodic oscillations in AGN \|Ashton Dominic I. Middleton Matthew J. \| MNRAS \| 501-5478 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.501.5478A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.501.5478A Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang Yanxia Zhao Yongheng \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z Warm Absorbers in the Radiation-driven Fountain Model of Low-mass Active Galactic Nuclei \|Ogawa Shoji Ueda Yoshihiro et al. \| ApJ \| 925-55 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...925...55O \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...925...55O The Solar Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-Ray Lines \|Qu Zhijie Koutroumpa Dimitra et al. \| ApJ \| 930-21 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...21Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...21Q Constraining energy-dependent emissivity profiles of AGN inflows \|Ashton Dominic I. Middleton Matthew J. \| MNRAS \| 513-5245 \| 2022 \| 2022MNRAS.513.5245A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.513.5245A Localizing narrow Fe Ku03b1 emission within bright AGN \|Andonie Carolina Bauer Franz E. et al. \| A&A \| 664-46 \| 2022 \| 2022A&A...664A..46A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022A&A...664A..46A X-ray timing and spectral analysis of reverberating active galactic nuclei \|Hancock S. Young A. J. \| MNRAS \| 514-5403 \| 2022 \| 2022MNRAS.514.5403H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.514.5403H A Systematic Study of the Short-term X-Ray Variability of Seyfert Galaxies. I. Diversity of the X-Ray rms Spectra \|Hu Jingwei Jin Chichuan et al. \| ApJ \| 936-105 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...936..105H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...936..105H Investigating scaling relations in X-ray reverberating AGN using symbolic regression \|Thongkonsing P. Chainakun P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 527-1950 \| 2024 \| 2024MNRAS.527.1950T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024MNRAS.527.1950T The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O VII O VIII and Fe L-shell Transitions \|Pan Zeyang Qu Zhijie et al. \| ApJS \| 271-62 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJS..271...62P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJS..271...62P Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque Pedro Balaji Shyam \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2009-05-03T10:22:29Z/2009-06-16T20:15:00Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2010-07-01T00:00:00Z
Keywords	"xray emission region", "testing blackhole unification", "xray variability", "blackhole spin", "keplerian frequency", "NGC 4051", "definitively test", "galactic blackhole gbhs", "gravity region", "accreting blackhole", "ngc 4051", "unifying link"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Dr Simon Vaughan, 2010, 'Testing Black Hole Unification', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-2tqe4bd