The evolution of cluster scaling relations provides constraints on structure formation. We propose to observe four low-luminosity clusters at z=0.3-0.5 to extend the coverage of cluster luminosities to the low end at this redshift range by a factor of two. These clusters have estimated Tx of 1.8-2.3 keV so non-gravitational baryon physics (e.g., cooling, AGN &SNe heating) are expected to be important. The data for these clusters allow us to extend the low temperature ends of the L-T, M-T and K-T relations at z>0.3. In combination with a similar number of 2.5-3 keV clusters at z>0.3 observed by Chandra and XMM, we will also examine evolution of cool clusters (T<3 keV) to compare with that of hot clusters.
Instrument
EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage
2007-07-16T08:36:43Z/2007-11-02T11:06:37Z
Version
17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description
The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
European Space Agency, Dr Megan Donahue, 2008, 'XMM-Newton Observations of Low Luminosity Clusters of Galaxies at z=0.3-0.5', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-bcn9wfn
