A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: 3C 234: a Compton-thick radio-loud Type 2 quasar in the backyardquestionMark
Published: 2008-08-29T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	040534
Title	3C 234: a Compton-thick radio-loud Type 2 quasar in the backyard?
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0405340101
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-dxipftw
Principal Investigator, PI	Dr Enrico Piconcelli
Abstract	We propose a 30 ks XMM-Newton observation of the hidden radio-loud quasar 3C 234(z = 0.1848). The F(2-10)/F(OIII) ratio and a low signal-to-noise ASCAspectrum strongly suggest the possibility that the nuclear absorber isCompton-thick. The detection of a Fe Kalpha line with EW larger than 1 keV inthe XMM-Newton spectrum would definitely confirm this suggestions. If so, 3C 234would turn out to be the first Compton-thick radio-loud Type 2 QSO observed and,with an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of 3 x 10e46 erg/s, one of the very mostpowerful object ever detected at z less than 0.2. The discovery of an AGN withsuch peculiar properties is strongly needed in the framework of Unified Modelsand, thereby, in the synthesis models of the X-ray cosmic background.
Publications	Heavy absorption and soft X-ray emission lines in the XMM-Newton spectrum of the type 2 radio-loud quasar 3C 234 \|Piconcelli, E., Bianchi, S., et al. \| A&A \| 480-671 \| 2008 \| 2008A&A...480..671P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008A&A...480..671P The active nuclei of z < 1.0 3CRR radio sources \|Hardcastle, M. J., Evans, D. A., \| MNRAS \| 396-1929 \| 2009 \| 2009MNRAS.396.1929H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009MNRAS.396.1929H The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens, Nicola, Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies, E. J., Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities \|Henley, David B., Shelton, Robin L., \| ApJS \| 202-14 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJS..202...14H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJS..202...14H Using the Bright Ultrahard XMM-Newton survey to define an IR selection of luminous AGN based on WISE colours \|Mateos, S., Alonso-Herrero, A., et al. \| MNRAS \| 426-3271 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.426.3271M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.426.3271M X-Ray Properties of the Northern Galactic Cap Sources in the 58 Month Swift/BAT Catalog \|Vasudevan, Ranjan V., Brandt, William N., et al. \| ApJ \| 763-111 \| 2013 \| 2013ApJ...763..111V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013ApJ...763..111V Uncovering obscured luminous AGN with WISE \|Mateos, S., Alonso-Herrero, A., et al. \| MNRAS \| 434-941 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.434..941M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.434..941M Ultrafast outflows in radio-loud active galactic nuclei \|Tombesi, F., Tazaki, F., et al. \| MNRAS \| 443-2154 \| 2014 \| 2014MNRAS.443.2154T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014MNRAS.443.2154T Serendipitous UV source catalogues for 10 years of XMM and 5 years of Swift \|Yershov, V. N., \| Ap&SS \| 354-97 \| 2014 \| 2014Ap&SS.354...97Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Ap&SS.354...97Y Revisiting the relationship between 6 mum and 2-10 keV continuum luminosities of AGN \|Mateos, S., Carrera, F. J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 449-1422 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.449.1422M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.449.1422M Sunyaev-Zel.dovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao, Weike, Chen, Chen, et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X XMM-Newton publication statistics \|Ness, J.-U., Parmar, A. N., et al. \| AN \| 335-210 \| 2014 \| 2014AN....335..210N \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014AN....335..210N The Tight Relation between X-Ray and Ultraviolet Luminosity of Quasars \|Lusso, E., Risaliti, G., \| ApJ \| 819-154 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...819..154L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...819..154L The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way.s Hot Gas Halo \|Miller, Matthew J., Bregman, Joel N., \| ApJ \| 829-9 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...829....9M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...829....9M The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch, Eric W., \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F AGN spectral states from simultaneous UV and X-ray observations by XMM-Newton \|Svoboda, J., Guainazzi, M., \| A&A \| 603-127 \| 2017 \| 2017A&A...603A.127S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017A&A...603A.127S The close environments of accreting massive black holes are shaped by radiative feedback \|Ricci, Claudio, Trakhtenbrot, Benny, et al. \| Natur \| 549-488 \| 2017 \| 2017Natur.549..488R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017Natur.549..488R BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS) - VI. The GammaX-L/LEdd relation \|Trakhtenbrot, Benny, Ricci, Claudio, et al. \| MNRAS \| 470-800 \| 2017 \| 2017MNRAS.470..800T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.470..800T BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. V. X-Ray Properties of the Swift/BAT 70-month AGN Catalog \|Ricci, C., Trakhtenbrot, B., et al. \| ApJS \| 233-17 \| 2017 \| 2017ApJS..233...17R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017ApJS..233...17R Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas, Konstantinos, Reiprich, Thomas H., \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M The 3CR Chandra Snapshot Survey: Extragalactic Radio Sources with Redshifts between 1 and 1.5 \|Stuardi, C., Missaglia, V., et al. \| ApJS \| 235-32 \| 2018 \| 2018ApJS..235...32S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJS..235...32S The Swift/BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. IX. The Clustering Environments of an Unbiased Sample of Local AGNs \|Powell, M. C., Cappelluti, N., et al. \| ApJ \| 858-110 \| 2018 \| 2018ApJ...858..110P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJ...858..110P The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana, P. T. P., Mehrtens, N., et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). II. Physical Properties Derived from the SED Fitting with Optical, Infrared, and Radio Data \|Toba, Yoshiki, Yamashita, Takuji, et al. \| ApJS \| 243-15 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..243...15T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..243...15T Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas, Andrius, Bacon, David, et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Hot corona properties of Swift/BAT-detected AGNs \|Wang, Chan, Yu, Li-Ming, et al. \| MNRAS \| 487-2463 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.487.2463W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.487.2463W Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood, Devon L., Jeltema, Tesla, et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese, A., Annis, J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P A Comparison of X-Ray Photon Indices among the Narrow- and Broad-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies \|Ojha, Vineet, Chand, Hum, et al. \| ApJ \| 896-95 \| 2020 \| 2020ApJ...896...95O \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020ApJ...896...95O An X-Ray- and SZ-bright Diffuse Source toward M31: A Local Hot Bridge \|Qu, Zhijie, Huang, Rui, et al. \| ApJ \| 907-14 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...907...14Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...907...14Q A Luminous X-Ray Transient in SDSS J143359.16+400636.0: A Likely Tidal Disruption Event \|Brightman, Murray, Ward, Charlotte, et al. \| ApJ \| 909-102 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...909..102B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...909..102B Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang, Yanxia, Zhao, Yongheng, \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z The Solar Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-Ray Lines \|Qu, Zhijie, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, et al. \| ApJ \| 930-21 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...21Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...21Q X-ray emission from a rapidly accreting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy at z = 6.56 \|Wolf, J., Nandra, K., et al. \| A&A \| 669-127 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...669A.127W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...669A.127W Hard X-Ray to Radio Multiwavelength SED Analysis of Local U/LIRGs in the GOALS Sample with a Self-consistent AGN Model including a Polar-dust Component \|Yamada, Satoshi, Ueda, Yoshihiro, et al. \| ApJS \| 265-37 \| 2023 \| 2023ApJS..265...37Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023ApJS..265...37Y The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O VII, O VIII, and Fe L-shell Transitions \|Pan, Zeyang, Qu, Zhijie, et al. \| ApJS \| 271-62 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJS..271...62P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJS..271...62P Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque, Pedro, Balaji, Shyam, \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2006-04-24T05:58:49Z/2006-04-24T17:04:10Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2008-08-29T00:00:00Z
Keywords	"3c 234", "noise asca spectrum", "unified models", "kev luminosity", "XMM", "synthesis models", "fe kalpha line", "low signal", "nuclear absorber", "powerful object", "xray cosmic background", "compton thick", "xmm newton spectrum", "XMM-Newton", "x 10e46 erg", "backyard ?.", "ew larger", "xmm newton"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Dr Enrico Piconcelli, 2008, '3C 234: a Compton-thick radio-loud Type 2 quasar in the backyardquestionMark', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-dxipftw