A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Proposal ID 040406
Title An Extended Hot Halo Gas Around M31
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https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0404060201
https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0404060301
DOI https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-q83cghz
Principal Investigator, PI Prof Joel Bregman
Abstract Our nearest spiral galaxy neighbor, M31, has diffuse bulge emission and probablyhas an extended diffuse halo of hot gas, similar to that seen in other spiralgalaxies. Unlike more distant spirals, where halo gas observations arephoton-starved, a M31 halo will not suffer this problem, allowing the gasdistribution to be measured and the temperature to be mapped with unprecedentedaccuracy. This will define halo gas properties, the disk-halo interface and itwill be a powerful test of models. This X-ray halo can have a radial extent of 1degree (10-15 kpc), so a mosaic of observations will be constructed along theminor axis, leveraging existing observations. By using overlapping fields, wewill flat-field the data to the necessary precision.
Publications
Instrument EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage 2006-07-03T08:07:19Z/2006-07-03T21:02:44Z
Version 17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published 2007-08-04T00:00:00Z
Keywords "powerful test", "photon starved", "hot halo gas", "flat field", "m31 halo", "overlapping fields", "minor axis", "spiral galaxy", "spiral galaxy neighbor", "M31", "radial extent", "diffuse bulge emission", "diffuse halo", "disk halo interface", "halo gas", "xray halo", "halo gas properties", "hot gas", "distant spirals", "leveraging existing", "gas distribution"
Publisher And Registrant European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines European Space Agency, Prof Joel Bregman, 2007, 'An Extended Hot Halo Gas Around M31', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-q83cghz