A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: X-ray TIming Observations of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Published: 2007-02-04T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	030290
Title	X-ray TIming Observations of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0302900101
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-jfqukjz
Principal Investigator, PI	Dr Tod Strohmayer
Abstract	We are proposing observations of a small sample of ultraluminous X-ray sources(hereafter ULXs) which have high enough XMM-Newton counting rates to enablesensitive searches for mHz quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) and power spectralfeatures as well as high quality time resolved spectra. The recent detections ofQPOs in a ULX in M82 and of breaks in the power spectra of NGC 4559 and perhapsNGC 5408, demonstrate that timing studies can provide a powerful new tool toprobe the properties of ULXs. Some of the primary goals of our study include: 1)Search for mHz QPOs. 2) Obtain high quality lightcurves in order to measure thepower spectrum and to allow detailed comparisons with the timing properties ofGalactic and extra-galactic black hole systems of known mass.
Publications	Elemental Abundances of Nearby Galaxies through High Signal-to-Noise Ratio XMM-Newton Observations of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources \|Winter Lisa M. Mushotzky Richard F. \| ApJ \| 655-163 \| 2007 \| 2007ApJ...655..163W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007ApJ...655..163W A systematic study of variability in a sample of ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Heil L. M. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 397-1061 \| 2009 \| 2009MNRAS.397.1061H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009MNRAS.397.1061H The ultraluminous state \|Gladstone Jeanette C. Roberts Timothy P. \| MNRAS \| 397-1836 \| 2009 \| 2009MNRAS.397.1836G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009MNRAS.397.1836G Spectral variability of ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Kajava Jari J. E. Poutanen Juri \| MNRAS \| 398-1450 \| 2009 \| 2009MNRAS.398.1450K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009MNRAS.398.1450K X-ray reflection in a sample of X-ray bright ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Caballero-Garcia M. D. Fabian A. C. \| MNRAS \| 402-2559 \| 2010 \| 2010MNRAS.402.2559C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010MNRAS.402.2559C The linear rms-flux relation in an ultraluminous X-ray source \|Heil L. M. Vaughan S. \| MNRAS \| 405-86 \| 2010 \| 2010MNRAS.405L..86H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010MNRAS.405L..86H The scaling of X-ray variability with luminosity in ultra-luminous X-ray sources \|Gonzalez-Martin O. Papadakis I. et al. \| A&A \| 526-132 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...526A.132G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...526A.132G The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson M. G. Schroder A. C. et al. \| A&A \| 493-339 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493..339W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493..339W Statistical evaluation of the flux cross-calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras \|Mateos S. Saxton R. D. et al. \| A&A \| 496-879 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...496..879M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...496..879M The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens Nicola Romer A. Kathy et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M Weighing the black holes in ultraluminous X-ray sources through timing \|Casella P. Ponti G. et al. \| MNRAS \| 387-1707 \| 2008 \| 2008MNRAS.387.1707C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008MNRAS.387.1707C 2XMM ultraluminous X-ray source candidates in nearby galaxies \|Walton D. J. Roberts T. P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 416-1844 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.416.1844W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.416.1844W Quasi-periodic Variability in NGC 5408 X-1 \|Strohmayer Tod E. Mushotzky Richard F. et al. \| ApJ \| 660-580 \| 2007 \| 2007ApJ...660..580S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007ApJ...660..580S A Photoionized Nebula Surrounding and Variable Optical Continuum Emission from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in NGC 5408 \|Kaaret Philip Corbel Stephane \| ApJ \| 697-950 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...697..950K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...697..950K Evidence for an Intermediate-mass Black Hole in NGC 5408 X-1 \|Strohmayer Tod E. Mushotzky Richard F. \| ApJ \| 703-1386 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...703.1386S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...703.1386S Unlocking the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources using their X-ray spectra \|Gladstone J. C. Roberts T. P. \| AN \| 332-345 \| 2011 \| 2011AN....332..345G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011AN....332..345G A large catalogue of ultraluminous X-ray source candidates in nearby galaxies \|Walton D. J. Gladstone J. C. et al. \| AN \| 332-354 \| 2011 \| 2011AN....332..354W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011AN....332..354W Does NGC 5408 X-1 really contain an intermediate-mass black hole? \|Middleton M. J. Roberts T. P. et al. \| AN \| 332-388 \| 2011 \| 2011AN....332..388M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011AN....332..388M Challenging times: a re-analysis of NGC 5408 X-1 \|Middleton M. J. Roberts T. P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 411-644 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.411..644M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.411..644M An All-Sky Atlas of Radio/X-ray Associations \|Flesch E. \| PASA \| 27-283 \| 2010 \| 2010PASA...27..283F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010PASA...27..283F New X-ray observations of IQ Aurigae and alpha2 Canum Venaticorum. Probing the magnetically channeled wind shock model in A0p stars \|Robrade J. Schmitt J. H. M. M. \| A&A \| 531-58 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...531A..58R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...531A..58R A Multi-epoch Timing and Spectral Study of the Ultraluminous X-Ray NGC 5408 X-1 with XMM-Newton \|Dheeraj Pasham R. Strohmayer Tod E. \| ApJ \| 753-139 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...753..139D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...753..139D The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies E. J. Romer A. Kathy et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L Exospheric solar wind charge exchange as seen by XMM-Newton \|Carter J. A. Semba S. \| AN \| 333-313 \| 2012 \| 2012AN....333..313C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012AN....333..313C Classification of X-Ray Sources in the XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalog \|Lin Dacheng Webb Natalie A. \| ApJ \| 756-27 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...756...27L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...756...27L The ultraluminous state revisited: fractional variability and spectral shape as diagnostics of super-Eddington accretion \|Sutton Andrew D. Roberts Timothy P. \| MNRAS \| 435-1758 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.435.1758S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.435.1758S X-ray variability and energy spectra from NGC 5408 X-1 with XMM-Newton \|Caballero-Garcia M. D. Belloni T. M. \| MNRAS \| 435-2665 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.435.2665C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.435.2665C Time lags in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5408 X-1: implications for the black hole mass \|De Marco B. Ponti G. et al. \| MNRAS \| 436-3782 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.436.3782D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.436.3782D Revisiting Putative Cool Accretion Disks in Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources \|Miller J. M. Walton D. J. et al. \| ApJ \| 776-36 \| 2013 \| 2013ApJ...776L..36M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013ApJ...776L..36M Broad absorption features in wind-dominated ultraluminous X-ray sources? \|Middleton Matthew J. Walton Dominic J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 438-51 \| 2014 \| 2014MNRAS.438L..51M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014MNRAS.438L..51M Ultraluminous X-ray sources: a deeper insight into their spectral evolution \|Pintore Fabio Zampieri Luca et al. \| MNRAS \| 439-3461 \| 2014 \| 2014MNRAS.439.3461P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014MNRAS.439.3461P Automatic Classification of Time-variable X-Ray Sources \|Lo Kitty K. Farrell Sean et al. \| ApJ \| 786-20 \| 2014 \| 2014ApJ...786...20L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...786...20L The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation \|Shen Yue Ho Luis C. \| Natur \| 513-210 \| 2014 \| 2014Natur.513..210S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Natur.513..210S On the black hole masses in ultra-luminous X-ray sources \|Zhou Xin-Lin \| NewA \| 37-1 \| 2015 \| 2015NewA...37....1Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015NewA...37....1Z A spectral-timing model for ULXs in the supercritical regime \|Middleton Matthew J. Heil Lucy et al. \| MNRAS \| 447-3243 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.447.3243M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.447.3243M X-ray Monitoring of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources \|Kaaret Philip Feng Hua \| ApJ \| 702-1679 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...702.1679K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...702.1679K Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao Weike Chen Chen et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X Searching for coherent pulsations in ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Doroshenko V. Santangelo A. \| A&A \| 579-22 \| 2015 \| 2015A&A...579A..22D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015A&A...579A..22D X-ray time lags and non-linear variability in the ultraluminous X-ray sources NGC 5408 X-1 and NGC 6946 X-1 \|Hernandez-Garcia L. Vaughan S. et al. \| MNRAS \| 453-2877 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.453.2877H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.453.2877H Diagnosing the accretion flow in ultraluminous X-ray sources using soft X-ray atomic features \|Middleton Matthew J. Walton Dominic J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 454-3134 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.454.3134M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.454.3134M Resolved atomic lines reveal outflows in two ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Pinto Ciro Middleton Matthew J. \| Natur \| 533-64 \| 2016 \| 2016Natur.533...64P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016Natur.533...64P The Rotation of the Hot Gas around the Milky Way \|Hodges-Kluck Edmund J. Miller Matthew J. \| ApJ \| 822-21 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...822...21H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...822...21H The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch Eric W. \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F The thin and medium filters of the EPIC camera on-board XMM-Newton: measured performance after more than 15 years of operation \|Barbera Marco Gastaldello Fabio et al. \| ExA \| 42-179 \| 2016 \| 2016ExA....42..179B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ExA....42..179B Analysis of Quasi-periodic Oscillations and Time Lag in Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources with XMM-Newton \|Li Zi-Jian Xiao Guang-Cheng et al. \| ApJ \| 839-19 \| 2017 \| 2017ApJ...839...19L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017ApJ...839...19L Ultrafast outflows in ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Pinto C. Fabian A. et al. \| AN \| 338-234 \| 2017 \| 2017AN....338..234P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017AN....338..234P Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas Konstantinos Reiprich Thomas H. \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana P. T. P. Mehrtens N. et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V A new clean catalogue of extragalactic non-nuclear X-ray sources in nearby galaxies \|Earnshaw H. P. Roberts T. P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 483-5554 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.483.5554E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.483.5554E Ultraluminous X-ray sources with flat-topped noise and QPO \|Atapin Kirill Fabrika Sergei \| MNRAS \| 486-2766 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.486.2766A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.486.2766A Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas Andrius Bacon David et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood Devon L. Jeltema Tesla et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H A Multi-epoch Timing and Spectral Study of the Ultraluminous X-Ray NGC 5408 X-1 with XMM-Newton \|Pasham Dheeraj R. Strohmayer Tod E. \| ApJ \| 753-139 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...753..139P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...753..139P Thermal stability of winds driven by radiation pressure in super-Eddington accretion discs \|Pinto C. Mehdipour M. et al. \| MNRAS \| 491-5702 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.491.5702P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.491.5702P Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese A. Annis J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P Linking Soft Excess in Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources with Optically Thick Wind Driven by Supercritical Accretion \|Qiu Yanli Feng Hua \| ApJ \| 906-36 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...906...36Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...906...36Q Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang Yanxia Zhao Yongheng \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z X-ray reverberation models of the disc wind in ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5408 X-1 \|Luangtip W. Chainakun P. et al. \| MNRAS \| 507-6094 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.507.6094L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.507.6094L Ionized emission and absorption in a large sample of ultraluminous X-ray sources \|Kosec P. Pinto C. et al. \| MNRAS \| 508-3569 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.508.3569K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.508.3569K The impact of precession on the observed population of ULXs \|Khan Norman Middleton Matthew J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 509-2493 \| 2022 \| 2022MNRAS.509.2493K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.509.2493K The Redshift Evolution of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources out to z 0.5: Comparison with X-Ray Binary Populations and Contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background \|Scott Barrows R. Comerford Julia M. et al. \| ApJ \| 932-27 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...932...27S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...932...27S Winds in ultraluminous Xu2011ray sources: New challenges \|Pinto C. Kosec P. \| AN \| 344-20220134 \| 2023 \| 2023AN....34420134P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023AN....34420134P Unveiling the accretion scenario of BH-ULXs using XMM-Newton observations \|Majumder Seshadri Das Santabrata et al. \| MNRAS \| 526-2086 \| 2023 \| 2023MNRAS.526.2086M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023MNRAS.526.2086M From Active Stars to Black Holes: A Discovery Tool for Galactic X-Ray Sources \|Rodriguez Antonio C. \| PASP \| 136-054201 \| 2024 \| 2024PASP..136e4201R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PASP..136e4201R Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque Pedro Balaji Shyam \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2006-01-13T18:41:00Z/2006-01-15T07:25:11Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2007-02-04T00:00:00Z
Last Update	2025-01-27
Keywords	"power spectra", "ngc 4559", "power spectrum", "XMM-Newton", "sensitive searches", "NGC 4559", "x ray", "quality lightcurves", "ngc 5408", "mhz qpos", "XMM", "M82", "power spectral", "ultraluminous xray sources"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Dr Tod Strohmayer, 2007, 'X-ray TIming Observations of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-jfqukjz