| Proposal ID | 030202 |
| Title | The B Supergiant Bistability-Jump in X-ray Emission |
| Download Data Associated to the proposal | https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0302020201 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-06vtsnq |
| Principal Investigator, PI | Dr Wayne Waldron |
| Abstract | The stellar winds of B supergiants (SGs) go through a discontinuous jump intheir terminal velocities, mass loss rates, and X-ray emission at spectral typeB1 which is referred to as the bistability of B SG winds. Since wind shocksproduce the X-ray emission and are highly dependent on the stellar windparameters, B SGs provide a natural laboratory to study the relationship betweenthe radiative force, stellar wind, and X-ray emission. Although the drop inX-ray flux appears consistent with theoretical predictions, our AO-3 XMMobservations of 2 B SGs at the jump indicate severe problems with currenttheory. We are requesting 2 additional EPIC observations of B SGs located nearthe bistability jump to determine the extent of these problems. |
| Publications |
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| Instrument | EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2 |
| Temporal Coverage | 2005-10-12T09:45:02Z/2005-10-13T05:38:42Z |
| Version | 17.56_20190403_1200 |
| Mission Description | The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis. |
| Creator Contact | https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk |
| Date Published | 2006-12-09T00:00:00Z |
| Last Update | 2025-08-04 |
| Keywords | "terminal velocities", "sg winds", "additional epic", "xray emission", "stellar wind parameters", "XMM", "supergiants sgs", "wind shoc", "supergiant bistability jump", "xray flux appears", "natural laboratory", "stellar winds", "spectral type b1", "mass loss rates", "sgs located", "discontinuous jump", "bistability jump", "stellar wind", "radiative force", "EPIC" |
| Publisher And Registrant | European Space Agency |
| Credit Guidelines | European Space Agency, Dr Wayne Waldron, 2006, 'The B Supergiant Bistability-Jump in X-ray Emission', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-06vtsnq |