A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: THE X-RAY/OPTICAL AGN TYPE MISMATCH: REALITY OR VARIABILITY
Published: 2006-06-15T00:00:00Z
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/igo

Proposal ID	020109
Title	THE X-RAY/OPTICAL AGN TYPE MISMATCH: REALITY OR VARIABILITY
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0201090201 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0201090401
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-fctyz6c
Principal Investigator, PI	Prof XAVIER BARCONS
Abstract	The mounting evidence for non-matching AGN spectral type and X-ray absorption isalmost invariably based on non-simultaneous optical and X-ray observations. Bothproperties are known to be variable in some AGN. The aim of the present proposalis to solve the dichotomy on whether both optical and X-ray obscuration areclosely related (as predicted by the unified AGN picture) but variable, or elsethese properties are really mismatched in some objects. We propose XMM-Newtonobservations, simultaneous to optical spectroscopy, of a representativeselection of AGNs whose optical spectral type is known to be variable.
Publications	Simultaneous X-ray and optical spectroscopy of the Seyfert galaxy Mrk 993 \|Corral A. Barcons X. et al. \| A&A \| 431-97 \| 2005 \| 2005A&A...431...97C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2005A&A...431...97C A Multi-wavelength Study of the Nature of Type 1.8/1.9 Seyfert Galaxies \|Trippe M. L. Crenshaw D. M. et al. \| ApJ \| 725-1749 \| 2010 \| 2010ApJ...725.1749T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010ApJ...725.1749T The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson M. G. Schroder A. C. et al. \| A&A \| 493-339 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493..339W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493..339W On the origin of soft X-rays in obscured AGN: answers from high-resolution spectroscopy with XMM-Newton \|Guainazzi Matteo Bianchi Stefano \| MNRAS \| 374-1290 \| 2007 \| 2007MNRAS.374.1290G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007MNRAS.374.1290G An Extremely Luminous Panchromatic Outburst from the Nucleus of a Distant Galaxy \|Levan A. J. Tanvir N. R. et al. \| Sci \| 333-199 \| 2011 \| 2011Sci...333..199L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011Sci...333..199L Statistical evaluation of the flux cross-calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras \|Mateos S. Saxton R. D. et al. \| A&A \| 496-879 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...496..879M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...496..879M A combined optical and X-ray study of unobscured type 1 active galactic nuclei - I. Optical spectra and spectral energy distribution modelling \|Jin Chichuan Ward Martin et al. \| MNRAS \| 420-1825 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.420.1825J \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.420.1825J The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens Nicola Romer A. Kathy et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M X-ray obscuration and obscured AGN in the local universe \|Guainazzi M. Matt G. \| A&A \| 444-119 \| 2005 \| 2005A&A...444..119G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2005A&A...444..119G Statistics of relativistically broadened Fe Kalpha lines in AGN \|Guainazzi M. Bianchi S. \| AN \| 327-1032 \| 2006 \| 2006AN....327.1032G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2006AN....327.1032G An All-Sky Atlas of Radio/X-ray Associations \|Flesch E. \| PASA \| 27-283 \| 2010 \| 2010PASA...27..283F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010PASA...27..283F Fe Kalpha line profile in AGNs: average shape and redshift dependence \|Mao Wei-Ming Hu Chen et al. \| RAA \| 10-905 \| 2010 \| 2010RAA....10..905M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010RAA....10..905M CAIXA: a catalogue of AGN in the XMM-Newton archive. I. Spectral analysis \|Bianchi S. Guainazzi M. et al. \| A&A \| 495-421 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...495..421B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...495..421B The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies E. J. Romer A. Kathy et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L Exospheric solar wind charge exchange as seen by XMM-Newton \|Carter J. A. Semba S. \| AN \| 333-313 \| 2012 \| 2012AN....333..313C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012AN....333..313C The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys - II. Application of the CR-HR method to the XMM archive \|Clerc N. Sadibekova T. et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-3561 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.3561C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.3561C Classification of X-Ray Sources in the XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalog \|Lin Dacheng Webb Natalie A. \| ApJ \| 756-27 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...756...27L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...756...27L A combined optical and X-ray study of unobscured type 1 active galactic nuclei - III. Broad-band SED properties \|Jin Chichuan Ward Martin \| MNRAS \| 425-907 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.425..907J \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.425..907J The XMM-Newton serendipitous ultraviolet source survey catalogue \|Page M. J. Brindle C. et al. \| MNRAS \| 426-903 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.426..903P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.426..903P On the Iwasawa-Taniguchi effect of radio-quiet AGN \|Bianchi S. Guainazzi M. et al. \| A&A \| 467-19 \| 2007 \| 2007A&A...467L..19B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007A&A...467L..19B Properties of the integrated spectrum of serendipitous 2XMM catalog sources \|Chaudhary P. Brusa M. et al. \| A&A \| 518-58 \| 2010 \| 2010A&A...518A..58C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010A&A...518A..58C Rest-frame stacking of 2XMM catalog sources. Properties of the Fe Kalpha line \|Chaudhary P. Brusa M. et al. \| A&A \| 537-6 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...537A...6C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...537A...6C Using the Bright Ultrahard XMM-Newton survey to define an IR selection of luminous AGN based on WISE colours \|Mateos S. Alonso-Herrero A. et al. \| MNRAS \| 426-3271 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.426.3271M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.426.3271M Cross-correlation of the 2XMMi catalogue with Data Release 7 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey \|Pineau F.-X. Motch C. et al. \| A&A \| 527-126 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...527A.126P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...527A.126P A systematic cross-search for radio/infrared counterparts of XMM- Newton sources \|Combi J. A. Albacete Colombo J. F. et al. \| Ap&SS \| 331-53 \| 2011 \| 2011Ap&SS.331...53C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011Ap&SS.331...53C Exploring X-ray and radio emission of type 1 AGN up to z ~ 2.3 \|Ballo L. Heras F. J. H. et al. \| A&A \| 545-66 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...545A..66B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...545A..66B High spectral resolution X-ray observations of AGN \|Kaastra J. S. \| AN \| 329-162 \| 2008 \| 2008AN....329..162K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008AN....329..162K Uncovering obscured luminous AGN with WISE \|Mateos S. Alonso-Herrero A. et al. \| MNRAS \| 434-941 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.434..941M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.434..941M Automatic Classification of Time-variable X-Ray Sources \|Lo Kitty K. Farrell Sean et al. \| ApJ \| 786-20 \| 2014 \| 2014ApJ...786...20L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...786...20L The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation \|Shen Yue Ho Luis C. \| Natur \| 513-210 \| 2014 \| 2014Natur.513..210S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Natur.513..210S Serendipitous UV source catalogues for 10 years of XMM and 5 years of Swift \|Yershov V. N. \| Ap&SS \| 354-97 \| 2014 \| 2014Ap&SS.354...97Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Ap&SS.354...97Y Revisiting the relationship between 6 mum and 2-10 keV continuum luminosities of AGN \|Mateos S. Carrera F. J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 449-1422 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.449.1422M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.449.1422M CAIXA: a catalogue of AGN in the XMM-Newton archive. II. Multiwavelength correlations \|Bianchi S. Bonilla N. F. et al. \| A&A \| 501-915 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...501..915B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...501..915B Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao Weike Chen Chen et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X A New Sample of Obscured AGNs Selected from the XMM-Newton and AKARI Surveys \|Terashima Yuichi Hirata Yoshitaka et al. \| ApJ \| 814-11 \| 2015 \| 2015ApJ...814...11T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ApJ...814...11T Statistical properties of dwarf novae-type cataclysmic variables: the outburst catalogue \|Coppejans Deanne L. Kording Elmar G. et al. \| MNRAS \| 456-4441 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.456.4441C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.456.4441C Ensemble X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei. II. Excess variance and updated structure function \|Vagnetti F. Middei R. et al. \| A&A \| 593-55 \| 2016 \| 2016A&A...593A..55V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...593A..55V The 3XMM/SDSS Stripe 82 Galaxy Cluster Survey. I. Cluster catalogue and discovery of two merging cluster candidates \|Takey A. Durret F. et al. \| A&A \| 594-32 \| 2016 \| 2016A&A...594A..32T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...594A..32T SPIDERS: the spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray selected clusters of galaxies in SDSS-IV \|Clerc N. Merloni A. et al. \| MNRAS \| 463-4490 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.463.4490C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.463.4490C The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch Eric W. \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F Dependence of the broad Fe Kalpha line on the physical parameters of AGN \|Liu Zhu Yuan Weimin et al. \| MNRAS \| 463-684 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.463..684L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.463..684L Determining the torus covering factors for a sample of type 1 AGN in the local Universe \|Ezhikode Savithri H. Gandhi Poshak et al. \| MNRAS \| 472-3492 \| 2017 \| 2017MNRAS.472.3492E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.472.3492E Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas Konstantinos Reiprich Thomas H. \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M Chandra Survey of Nearby Galaxies: Testing the Accretion Model for Low-luminosity AGNs \|She Rui Ho Luis C. et al. \| ApJ \| 859-152 \| 2018 \| 2018ApJ...859..152S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJ...859..152S The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana P. T. P. Mehrtens N. et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V An X-ray view of central engines of low-luminosity quasars (LLQSO) in the local Universe \|Laha Sibasish Ghosh Ritesh et al. \| MNRAS \| 480-1522 \| 2018 \| 2018MNRAS.480.1522L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018MNRAS.480.1522L Evidence for radiation pressure compression in the X-ray narrow-line region of Seyfert galaxies \|Bianchi Stefano Guainazzi Matteo et al. \| MNRAS \| 485-416 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.485..416B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.485..416B A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). II. Physical Properties Derived from the SED Fitting with Optical Infrared and Radio Data \|Toba Yoshiki Yamashita Takuji et al. \| ApJS \| 243-15 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..243...15T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..243...15T Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas Andrius Bacon David et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood Devon L. Jeltema Tesla et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese A. Annis J. et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P X-ray properties of the X-CLASS-redMaPPer galaxy cluster sample: the luminosity-temperature relation \|Molham Mona Clerc Nicolas et al. \| MNRAS \| 494-161 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.494..161M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.494..161M Multiwavelength classification of X-ray selected galaxy cluster candidates using convolutional neural networks \|Kosiba Matej Lieu Maggie et al. \| MNRAS \| 496-4141 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.496.4141K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.496.4141K SPIDERS: overview of the X-ray galaxy cluster follow-up and the final spectroscopic data release \|Clerc N. Kirkpatrick C. C. et al. \| MNRAS \| 497-3976 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.497.3976C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.497.3976C Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang Yanxia Zhao Yongheng \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z Long-term and multiwavelength evolution of a changing-look AGN Mrk 1018 \|Lyu Bing Yan Zhen et al. \| MNRAS \| 506-4188 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.506.4188L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.506.4188L The Origin of the Unfocused XMM-Newton Background Its Variability and Lessons Learned for ATHENA \|Gastaldello Fabio Marelli Martino et al. \| ApJ \| 928-168 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...928..168G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...928..168G Coevolution of Broad Emission Lines and X-Ray Spectrum in Changing-look AGNs \|Liu Hao Wu Qingwen \| ApJ \| 930-46 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...46L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...46L Dynamical state of galaxy clusters evaluated from X-ray images \|Yuan Z. S. Han J. L. \| MNRAS \| 513-3013 \| 2022 \| 2022MNRAS.513.3013Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.513.3013Y Hard X-Ray to Radio Multiwavelength SED Analysis of Local U/LIRGs in the GOALS Sample with a Self-consistent AGN Model including a Polar-dust Component \|Yamada Satoshi Ueda Yoshihiro et al. \| ApJS \| 265-37 \| 2023 \| 2023ApJS..265...37Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023ApJS..265...37Y Dependency of optical/UV parameters on X-ray spectral index in AGNs \|Nour D. Sriram K. \| JHEAp \| 37-34 \| 2023 \| 2023JHEAp..37...34N \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023JHEAp..37...34N BASS-XL: X-ray variability properties of unobscured active galactic nuclei \|Tortosa Alessia Ricci Claudio et al. \| MNRAS \| 526-1687 \| 2023 \| 2023MNRAS.526.1687T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023MNRAS.526.1687T Interpreting the long-term variability of the changing-look AGN Mrk 1018 \|Veronese S. Vignali C. et al. \| A&A \| 683-A131 \| 2024 \| 2024A&A...683A.131V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&A...683A.131V The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O VII O VIII and Fe L-shell Transitions \|Pan Zeyang Qu Zhijie et al. \| ApJS \| 271-62 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJS..271...62P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJS..271...62P From Active Stars to Black Holes: A Discovery Tool for Galactic X-Ray Sources \|Rodriguez Antonio C. \| PASP \| 136-054201 \| 2024 \| 2024PASP..136e4201R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PASP..136e4201R Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque Pedro De la Torre Balaji Shyam \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque Pedro Balaji Shyam \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D Probing the inner Galactic halo with blue horizontal-branch stars. Gaia DR3-based catalogue with atmospheric and stellar parameters \|Culpan R. Dorsch M. et al. \| A&A \| 685-A134 \| 2024 \| 2024A&A...685A.134C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&A...685A.134C Extinction and AGN over host galaxy contrast effects on the optical spectroscopic classification of AGN \|Barquu00edn-Gonzu00e1lez L. Mateos S. et al. \| A&A \| 687-A159 \| 2024 \| 2024A&A...687A.159B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&A...687A.159B Search for Young Stellar Objects within 4XMM-DR13 Using CatBoost and SPE \|Ma Xiangyao Zhang Yanxia et al. \| AJ \| 168-210 \| 2024 \| 2024AJ....168..210M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024AJ....168..210M New 511 keV Line Data Provide Strongest sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque Pedro Balaji Shyam \| ApJ \| 973-L6 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...973L...6D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...973L...6D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2004-01-23T16:53:53Z/2005-01-15T21:35:45Z
Version	21.51_20241115_1113
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2006-06-15T00:00:00Z
Last Update	2026-06-19
Keywords	"xray obscuration", "XMM", "xmm newton", "xray absorption", "optical spectroscopy", "XMM-Newton", "mounting evidence", "optical spectral type", "closely related", "unified agn picture"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Prof XAVIER BARCONS, 2006, 'THE X-RAY/OPTICAL AGN TYPE MISMATCH: REALITY OR VARIABILITY', 21.51_20241115_1113, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-fctyz6c
Rights	Data hosted in the ESA Space Science Archives are distributed under the CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO license.