| Proposal ID | 020024 |
| Title | AN X-RAY SURVEY OF HOT GAS IN PLANETARY NEBULAE |
| Download Data Associated to the proposal | https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0200240101 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-3kqavtz |
| Principal Investigator, PI | Dr YOU-HUA CHU |
| Abstract | Planetary nebulae (PNe) consist of stellar material ejected by stars with massesless than 8-10 solar masses. The current fast stellar wind sweeps up theprevious slow wind to form the observed nebular shells, but jets and fastcollimated outflows may also be responsible for shaping PNe at earlyevolutionary stages. These dynamic interactions produce hot, shocked gas thatemits X-rays. We have selected a sample of 10 PNe evenly divided between the twomain morphological classes, elliptical and bipolar, and spanning a wide range ofevolutionary stages. We request XMM-Newton observations of these PNe in order todetermine their physical structures and to study the formation, shaping, andevolution of elliptical and bipolar PNe. |
| Publications |
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| Instrument | EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2 |
| Temporal Coverage | 2003-12-04T21:29:50Z/2004-09-20T21:23:14Z |
| Version | 21.51_20241115_1113 |
| Mission Description | The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis. |
| Creator Contact | https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk |
| Date Published | 2005-10-15T00:00:00Z |
| Last Update | 2026-07-09 |
| Keywords | "main morphological classes", "dynamic interactions", "XMM-Newton", "fast collimated outflows", "hot gas", "planetary nebulae", "XMM", "xray survey", "emits xray", "nebular shells", "shocked gas", "shaping pne", "physical structures", "stellar material", "slow wind", "bipolar pne", "solar masses", "evolutionary stages", "wide range", "xmm newton" |
| Publisher And Registrant | European Space Agency |
| Credit Guidelines | European Space Agency, Dr YOU-HUA CHU, 2005, 'AN X-RAY SURVEY OF HOT GAS IN PLANETARY NEBULAE', 21.51_20241115_1113, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-3kqavtz |
| Rights | Data hosted in the ESA Space Science Archives are distributed under the CC BY-NC 3.0 IGO license. |