A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: Two Distant comma but .Old. Clusters of Galaxies: RXJ1347-1145 and AXJ2019+112
Published: 2003-12-04T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	011296
Title	Two Distant, but .Old. Clusters of Galaxies: RXJ1347-1145 and AXJ2019+112
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0112960101 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0112960301 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0112960501 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0112960601
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-ylj93h4
Principal Investigator, PI	Dr Martin Turner
Abstract	GT-The two clusters, RXJ1347-1145 and AXJ2019+112, are extreme in many respects.While RXJ1347-1145 is the most luminous X-ray cluster found so far and hasthe most massive cooling flow, AXJ2019+112 is the most distant clusterdiscovered in X-rays and has the highest metallicity. Both cluster arerelatively hot. All these properties are typically assigned to old, wellrelaxed systems. It is puzzling the these oldest.. observed cluster are very distant (z=.45 and z=1.0, respectively) these propertiesare puzzling. A study of these clusters gives important insights into theprocesses of cluster formation and galaxy formation.
Publications	Suzaku broad-band spectroscopy of RX J1347.5-1145: constraints on the extremely hot gas and non-thermal emission \|Ota, N., Murase, K., et al. \| A&A \| 491-363 \| 2008 \| 2008A&A...491..363O \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008A&A...491..363O The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson, M. G., Schroder, A. C., et al. \| A&A \| 493-339 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493..339W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493..339W The x-ray luminous galaxy cluster population at 0.9 < z &lsim; 1.6 as revealed by the XMM-Newton Distant Cluster Project \|Fassbender, R., Bohringer, H., et al. \| NJPh \| 13-125014 \| 2011 \| 2011NJPh...13l5014F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011NJPh...13l5014F Statistical evaluation of the flux cross-calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras \|Mateos, S., Saxton, R. D., et al. \| A&A \| 496-879 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...496..879M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...496..879M An XMM-Newton spatially-resolved study of metal abundance evolution in distant galaxy clusters \|Baldi, A., Ettori, S., et al. \| A&A \| 537-142 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...537A.142B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...537A.142B The Cosmic Web and galaxy evolution around the most luminous X-ray cluster: RX J1347.5-1145 \|Verdugo, M., Lerchster, M., et al. \| MNRAS \| 421-1949 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.421.1949V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.421.1949V The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens, Nicola, Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M The Axis Ratio Distribution of X-ray Clusters Observed by XMM-Newton \|Kawahara, Hajime, \| ApJ \| 719-1926 \| 2010 \| 2010ApJ...719.1926K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010ApJ...719.1926K Discovery of the correspondence between intra-cluster radio emission and a high pressure region detected through the Sunyaev-Zel.dovich effect \|Ferrari, C., Intema, H. T., et al. \| A&A \| 534-12 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...534L..12F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...534L..12F XMM-Newton observation of the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 \|Gitti, M., Schindler, S., \| A&A \| 427-9 \| 2004 \| 2004A&A...427L...9G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004A&A...427L...9G Mass distribution in the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 studied with XMM-Newton \|Gitti, M., Piffaretti, R., \| A&A \| 472-383 \| 2007 \| 2007A&A...472..383G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007A&A...472..383G Mass distribution in the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 studied with XMM-Newton \|Gitti, M., Piffaretti, R., \| A&A \| 475-441 \| 2007 \| 2007A&A...475..441G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007A&A...475..441G A catalog of galaxy clusters observed by XMM-Newton \|Snowden, S. L., Mushotzky, R. F., et al. \| A&A \| 478-615 \| 2008 \| 2008A&A...478..615S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008A&A...478..615S Characterizing the Properties of Clusters of Galaxies as a Function of Luminosity and Redshift \|Andersson, K., Peterson, J. R., et al. \| ApJ \| 696-1029 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...696.1029A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...696.1029A Redshift Evolution in the Iron Abundance of the Intracluster Medium \|Anderson, Michael E., Bregman, Joel N., et al. \| ApJ \| 698-317 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...698..317A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...698..317A A first XMM-Newton look at the most X-ray-luminous galaxy cluster RX J1347.5 1145 \|Gitti, Myriam, Schindler, Sabine, \| AdSpR \| 36-613 \| 2005 \| 2005AdSpR..36..613G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2005AdSpR..36..613G Constraints on turbulent velocity broadening for a sample of clusters, groups and elliptical galaxies using XMM-Newton \|Sanders, J. S., Fabian, A. C., \| MNRAS \| 410-1797 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.410.1797S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.410.1797S Revealing O VII from stacked X-ray grating spectra of clusters, groups and elliptical galaxies \|Sanders, J. S., Fabian, A. C., \| MNRAS \| 412-35 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.412L..35S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.412L..35S An All-Sky Atlas of Radio/X-ray Associations \|Flesch, E., \| PASA \| 27-283 \| 2010 \| 2010PASA...27..283F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010PASA...27..283F The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies, E. J., Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L Exospheric solar wind charge exchange as seen by XMM-Newton \|Carter, J. A., Semba, S., \| AN \| 333-313 \| 2012 \| 2012AN....333..313C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012AN....333..313C The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys - II. Application of the CR-HR method to the XMM archive \|Clerc, N., Sadibekova, T., et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-3561 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.3561C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.3561C Classification of X-Ray Sources in the XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalog \|Lin, Dacheng, Webb, Natalie A., \| ApJ \| 756-27 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...756...27L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...756...27L Self-similarity of temperature profiles in distant galaxy clusters: the quest for a universal law \|Baldi, A., Ettori, S., et al. \| A&A \| 545-41 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...545A..41B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...545A..41B An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities \|Henley, David B., Shelton, Robin L., \| ApJS \| 202-14 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJS..202...14H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJS..202...14H The XMM-Newton serendipitous ultraviolet source survey catalogue \|Page, M. J., Brindle, C., et al. \| MNRAS \| 426-903 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.426..903P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.426..903P The dark matter distribution in z virgul 0.5 clusters of galaxies. I. Determining scaling relations with weak lensing masses \|Foex, G., Soucail, G., et al. \| A&A \| 546-106 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...546A.106F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...546A.106F Properties of the integrated spectrum of serendipitous 2XMM catalog sources \|Chaudhary, P., Brusa, M., et al. \| A&A \| 518-58 \| 2010 \| 2010A&A...518A..58C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010A&A...518A..58C Rest-frame stacking of 2XMM catalog sources. Properties of the Fe Kalpha line \|Chaudhary, P., Brusa, M., et al. \| A&A \| 537-6 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...537A...6C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...537A...6C A systematic cross-search for radio/infrared counterparts of XMM- Newton sources \|Combi, J. A., Albacete Colombo, J. F., et al. \| Ap&SS \| 331-53 \| 2011 \| 2011Ap&SS.331...53C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011Ap&SS.331...53C Joint Analysis of Cluster Observations. II. Chandra/XMM-Newton X-Ray and Weak Lensing Scaling Relations for a Sample of 50 Rich Clusters of Galaxies \|Mahdavi, Andisheh, Hoekstra, Henk, et al. \| ApJ \| 767-116 \| 2013 \| 2013ApJ...767..116M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013ApJ...767..116M The XMM-Newton SSC survey of the Galactic plane \|Nebot Gomez-Moran, A., Motch, C., et al. \| A&A \| 553-12 \| 2013 \| 2013A&A...553A..12N \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013A&A...553A..12N Structure and substructure analysis of DAFT/FADA galaxy clusters in the 0.4-0.9 redshift range \|Guennou, L., Adami, C., et al. \| A&A \| 561-112 \| 2014 \| 2014A&A...561A.112G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014A&A...561A.112G Automatic Classification of Time-variable X-Ray Sources \|Lo, Kitty K., Farrell, Sean, et al. \| ApJ \| 786-20 \| 2014 \| 2014ApJ...786...20L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...786...20L The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation \|Shen, Yue, Ho, Luis C., \| Natur \| 513-210 \| 2014 \| 2014Natur.513..210S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Natur.513..210S Serendipitous UV source catalogues for 10 years of XMM and 5 years of Swift \|Yershov, V. N., \| Ap&SS \| 354-97 \| 2014 \| 2014Ap&SS.354...97Y \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Ap&SS.354...97Y Sunyaev-Zel.dovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao, Weike, Chen, Chen, et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X A survey of stellar X-ray flares from the XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue: HIPPARCOS-Tycho cool stars \|Pye, J. P., Rosen, S., et al. \| A&A \| 581-28 \| 2015 \| 2015A&A...581A..28P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015A&A...581A..28P Weak lensing study of 16 DAFT/FADA clusters: Substructures and filaments \|Martinet, Nicolas, Clowe, Douglas, et al. \| A&A \| 590-69 \| 2016 \| 2016A&A...590A..69M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...590A..69M Erratum: Joint Analysis of Cluster Observations. II. Chandra/XMM-Newton X-Ray and Weak Lensing Scaling Relations for a Sample of 50 Rich Clusters of Galaxies (2013, ApJ, 767, 116) \|Mahdavi, Andisheh, Hoekstra, Henk, et al. \| ApJ \| 794-175 \| 2014 \| 2014ApJ...794..175M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...794..175M The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way.s Hot Gas Halo \|Miller, Matthew J., Bregman, Joel N., \| ApJ \| 829-9 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...829....9M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...829....9M SPIDERS: the spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray selected clusters of galaxies in SDSS-IV \|Clerc, N., Merloni, A., et al. \| MNRAS \| 463-4490 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.463.4490C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.463.4490C The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch, Eric W., \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F Studying Cosmic Evolution with the XMM-Newton Distant Cluster Project: X-ray Luminous Galaxy Clusters at z>virgul1 and their Galaxy Populations \|Fassbender, Rene, \| PhDT \| 0-116 \| 2008 \| 2008PhDT.......116F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008PhDT.......116F Comparison of hydrostatic and dynamical masses of distant X-ray luminous galaxy clusters \|Foex, G., Bohringer, H., \| A&A \| 606-122 \| 2017 \| 2017A&A...606A.122F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017A&A...606A.122F Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback with the Square Kilometre Array and Implications for Cluster Physics and Cosmology \|Iqbal, Asif, Kale, Ruta, et al. \| JApA \| 38-68 \| 2017 \| 2017JApA...38...68I \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017JApA...38...68I Galaxy Populations in Massive z = 0.2-0.9 Clusters. I. Analysis of Spectroscopy \|Jorgensen, Inger, Chiboucas, Kristin, et al. \| AJ \| 154-251 \| 2017 \| 2017AJ....154..251J \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017AJ....154..251J Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas, Konstantinos, Reiprich, Thomas H., \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana, P. T. P., Mehrtens, N., et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. I. Survey Overview and a Catalog of >2000 Galaxy Clusters at z virgul= 1 \|Gonzalez, Anthony H., Gettings, Daniel P., et al. \| ApJS \| 240-33 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..240...33G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..240...33G Projected alignment of non-sphericities of stellar, gas, and dark matter distributions in galaxy clusters: analysis of the Horizon-AGN simulation \|Okabe, Taizo, Nishimichi, Takahiro, et al. \| MNRAS \| 478-1141 \| 2018 \| 2018MNRAS.478.1141O \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018MNRAS.478.1141O Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas, Andrius, Bacon, David, et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood, Devon L., Jeltema, Tesla, et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese, A., Annis, J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P X-ray properties of the X-CLASS-redMaPPer galaxy cluster sample: the luminosity-temperature relation \|Molham, Mona, Clerc, Nicolas, et al. \| MNRAS \| 494-161 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.494..161M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.494..161M Multiwavelength classification of X-ray selected galaxy cluster candidates using convolutional neural networks \|Kosiba, Matej, Lieu, Maggie, et al. \| MNRAS \| 496-4141 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.496.4141K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.496.4141K SPIDERS: overview of the X-ray galaxy cluster follow-up and the final spectroscopic data release \|Clerc, N., Kirkpatrick, C. C., et al. \| MNRAS \| 497-3976 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.497.3976C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.497.3976C An X-Ray- and SZ-bright Diffuse Source toward M31: A Local Hot Bridge \|Qu, Zhijie, Huang, Rui, et al. \| ApJ \| 907-14 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...907...14Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...907...14Q Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang, Yanxia, Zhao, Yongheng, \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z The Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation. I. Programme overview \|CHEX-MATE Collaboration, Arnaud, M., et al. \| A&A \| 650-104 \| 2021 \| 2021A&A...650A.104C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021A&A...650A.104C The Solar Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-Ray Lines \|Qu, Zhijie, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, et al. \| ApJ \| 930-21 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...21Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...21Q CHEX-MATE: Morphological analysis of the sample \|Campitiello, M. G., Ettori, S., et al. \| A&A \| 665-117 \| 2022 \| 2022A&A...665A.117C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022A&A...665A.117C CHEX-MATE: Constraining the origin of the scatter in galaxy cluster radial X-ray surface brightness profiles \|Bartalucci, I., Molendi, S., et al. \| A&A \| 674-179 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...674A.179B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...674A.179B CHEX-MATE: X-ray absorption and molecular content of the interstellar medium toward galaxy clusters \|Bourdin, H., De Luca, F., et al. \| A&A \| 678-181 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...678A.181B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...678A.181B CHEX-MATE: A non-parametric deep learning technique to deproject and deconvolve galaxy cluster X-ray temperature profiles \|Iqbal, A., Pratt, G. W., et al. \| A&A \| 679-51 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...679A..51I \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...679A..51I Outskirts of Abell 1795: Probing gas clumping in the intracluster medium \|Kov\\u00e1cs, Orsolya Eszter, Zhu, Zhenlin, et al. \| A&A \| 678-91 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...678A..91K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...678A..91K Pressure profiles of distant Galaxy clusters with Planck-SPT data \|Oppizzi, Filippo, De Luca, Federico, et al. \| EPJWC \| 257-00035 \| 2022 \| 2022EPJWC.25700035O \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022EPJWC.25700035O CHEX-MATE: Characterization of the intra-cluster medium temperature distribution \|Lovisari, L., Ettori, S., et al. \| A&A \| 682-A45 \| 2024 \| 2024A&A...682A..45L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&A...682A..45L A Statistical Study of Soft X-Ray Flares on Solar-type Stars \|Zhao, Z. H., Hua, Z. Q., et al. \| ApJ \| 961-130 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...961..130Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...961..130Z The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O VII, O VIII, and Fe L-shell Transitions \|Pan, Zeyang, Qu, Zhijie, et al. \| ApJS \| 271-62 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJS..271...62P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJS..271...62P From Active Stars to Black Holes: A Discovery Tool for Galactic X-Ray Sources \|Rodriguez, Antonio C., \| PASP \| 136-054201 \| 2024 \| 2024PASP..136e4201R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PASP..136e4201R Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L CHEX-MATE: Robust reconstruction of temperature profiles in galaxy clusters with XMM-Newton \|Rossetti, M., Eckert, D., et al. \| A&A \| 686-A68 \| 2024 \| 2024A&A...686A..68R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&A...686A..68R Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque, Pedro, Balaji, Shyam, \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2002-07-31T20:41:26Z/2002-10-25T05:53:06Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2003-12-04T00:00:00Z
Keywords	"distant z =.", "relatively hot", "typically assigned", "cluster formation", "rxj1347 1145", "relaxed systems", "galaxy formation", "distant cluster", "massive cooling flow", "luminous xray cluster"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Dr Martin Turner, 2003, 'Two Distant comma but .Old. Clusters of Galaxies: RXJ1347-1145 and AXJ2019+112', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-ylj93h4