A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: X-rays from the brightest globular cluster of M31
Published: 2002-10-09T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	006577
Title	X-rays from the brightest globular cluster of M31
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0065770101
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-f6tb4tn
Principal Investigator, PI	Prof Frank Verbunt
Abstract	We propose to observe G1 (=Mayall II), the brightest and most massive globular cluster of M31. It is an extremely dense and massive globular cluster, an excellent target in which to search for a bright X-ray source. ROSAT did not observe it. The primary goal of our proposal is to determine whether G1 contains an X-ray source, as a pilot observation for a later proposal. If the source is bright we can make a preliminary spectral classification (neutron-star vs. black hole binary) and a preliminary search for orbital variation.It is interesting for theory to know whether this extremely dense clustercontains a bright source; and also which fractions of bright sources areneutron-star binaries and black-hole binaries.
Publications	Exploring the X-ray sky with the XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey \|Della Ceca, R., Maccacaro, T., et al. \| A&A \| 428-383 \| 2004 \| 2004A&A...428..383D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004A&A...428..383D High-precision multi-band measurements of the angular clustering of X-ray sources \|Ebrero, J., Mateos, S., et al. \| A&A \| 500-749 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...500..749E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...500..749E The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson, M. G., Schroder, A. C., et al. \| A&A \| 493-339 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493..339W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493..339W Statistical evaluation of the flux cross-calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras \|Mateos, S., Saxton, R. D., et al. \| A&A \| 496-879 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...496..879M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...496..879M The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens, Nicola, Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M Wide Field CAMera survey of M31 globular clusters: low-mass X-ray binaries \|Peacock, Mark B., Maccarone, Thomas J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 392-55 \| 2009 \| 2009MNRAS.392L..55P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009MNRAS.392L..55P The deep XMM-Newton Survey of M 31 \|Stiele, H., Pietsch, W., et al. \| A&A \| 534-55 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...534A..55S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...534A..55S The XMM-Newton HBS28 sample: Studying the obscuration in hard X-ray selected AGNs \|Caccianiga, A., Severgnini, P., et al. \| A&A \| 416-901 \| 2004 \| 2004A&A...416..901C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004A&A...416..901C XMM-Newton spectroscopy of an X-ray selected sample of RL AGNs \|Galbiati, E., Caccianiga, A., et al. \| A&A \| 430-927 \| 2005 \| 2005A&A...430..927G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2005A&A...430..927G High precision X-ray log N - log S distributions: implications for the obscured AGN population \|Mateos, S., Warwick, R. S., et al. \| A&A \| 492-51 \| 2008 \| 2008A&A...492...51M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008A&A...492...51M Supersoft X-Ray Sources in M31. II. ROSAT-detected Supersoft Sources in the ROSAT, Chandra, and XMM-Newton Eras \|Greiner, J., Di Stefano, R., et al. \| ApJ \| 610-261 \| 2004 \| 2004ApJ...610..261G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004ApJ...610..261G M31 Globular Cluster X-Ray Sources: XMM-Newton and Chandra Results \|Trudolyubov, Sergey, Priedhorsky, William, \| ApJ \| 616-821 \| 2004 \| 2004ApJ...616..821T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004ApJ...616..821T X-Rays from the Globular Cluster G1: Intermediate-Mass Black Hole or Low-Mass X-Ray Binary? \|Pooley, David, Rappaport, Saul, \| ApJ \| 644-45 \| 2006 \| 2006ApJ...644L..45P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2006ApJ...644L..45P X-Ray Localization of the Globular Cluster G1 with XMM-Newton \|Kong, Albert K. H., \| ApJ \| 661-875 \| 2007 \| 2007ApJ...661..875K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007ApJ...661..875K The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. VI. The X-ray luminosity function \|Ebrero, J., Carrera, F. J., et al. \| A&A \| 493-55 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493...55E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493...55E Breaking the sigma8-Omega m Degeneracy Using the Clustering of High-z X-ray Active Galactic Nuclei \|Basilakos, Spyros, Plionis, Manolis, \| ApJ \| 714-185 \| 2010 \| 2010ApJ...714L.185B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010ApJ...714L.185B The X-ray spectral properties of the AGN population in the XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey \|Corral, A., Della Ceca, R., et al. \| A&A \| 530-42 \| 2011 \| 2011A&A...530A..42C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011A&A...530A..42C A systematic study of low-mass X-ray binaries in the M31 globular cluster system \|Peacock, Mark B., Maccarone, Thomas J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 407-2611 \| 2010 \| 2010MNRAS.407.2611P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010MNRAS.407.2611P An All-Sky Atlas of Radio/X-ray Associations \|Flesch, E., \| PASA \| 27-283 \| 2010 \| 2010PASA...27..283F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010PASA...27..283F Mining for normal galaxies in the first XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalog \|Georgakakis, A. E., Chavushyan, V., et al. \| MNRAS \| 367-1017 \| 2006 \| 2006MNRAS.367.1017G \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2006MNRAS.367.1017G The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies, E. J., Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L Exospheric solar wind charge exchange as seen by XMM-Newton \|Carter, J. A., Semba, S., \| AN \| 333-313 \| 2012 \| 2012AN....333..313C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012AN....333..313C The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys - II. Application of the CR-HR method to the XMM archive \|Clerc, N., Sadibekova, T., et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-3561 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.3561C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.3561C Supernova remnants and candidates detected in the XMM-Newton M 31 large survey \|Sasaki, M., Pietsch, W., et al. \| A&A \| 544-144 \| 2012 \| 2012A&A...544A.144S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...544A.144S An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities \|Henley, David B., Shelton, Robin L., \| ApJS \| 202-14 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJS..202...14H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJS..202...14H A systematic cross-search for radio/infrared counterparts of XMM- Newton sources \|Combi, J. A., Albacete Colombo, J. F., et al. \| Ap&SS \| 331-53 \| 2011 \| 2011Ap&SS.331...53C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011Ap&SS.331...53C The XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson, M. G., Pye, J. P., et al. \| AN \| 324-89 \| 2003 \| 2003AN....324...89W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2003AN....324...89W The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton \|De Luca, A., Molendi, S., \| A&A \| 419-837 \| 2004 \| 2004A&A...419..837D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004A&A...419..837D The XMM deep survey in the CDF-S. VIII. X-ray properties of the two brightest sources \|Iwasawa, K., Vignali, C., et al. \| A&A \| 574-144 \| 2015 \| 2015A&A...574A.144I \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015A&A...574A.144I The relationship between O IIIlambda5007 A equivalent width and obscuration in active galactic nuclei \|Caccianiga, A., Severgnini, P., \| MNRAS \| 415-1928 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.415.1928C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.415.1928C Sunyaev-Zel.dovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao, Weike, Chen, Chen, et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X Swift follow-up of IceCube triggers, and implications for the Advanced-LIGO era \|Evans, P. A., Osborne, J. P., et al. \| MNRAS \| 448-2210 \| 2015 \| 2015MNRAS.448.2210E \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.448.2210E The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way.s Hot Gas Halo \|Miller, Matthew J., Bregman, Joel N., \| ApJ \| 829-9 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...829....9M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...829....9M SPIDERS: the spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray selected clusters of galaxies in SDSS-IV \|Clerc, N., Merloni, A., et al. \| MNRAS \| 463-4490 \| 2016 \| 2016MNRAS.463.4490C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.463.4490C The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch, Eric W., \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F NuSTAR view of the central region of M31 \|Stiele, H., Kong, A. K. H., \| MNRAS \| 475-4911 \| 2018 \| 2018MNRAS.475.4911S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018MNRAS.475.4911S Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas, Konstantinos, Reiprich, Thomas H., \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana, P. T. P., Mehrtens, N., et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V Comparing Chandra and Hubble in the Northern Disk of M31 \|Williams, Benjamin F., Lazzarini, Margaret, et al. \| ApJS \| 239-13 \| 2018 \| 2018ApJS..239...13W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJS..239...13W The Spectrum of the Universe \|Hill, Ryley, Masui, Kiyoshi W., \| ApSpe \| 72-663 \| 2018 \| 2018ApSpe..72..663H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApSpe..72..663H The evolving X-ray spectrum of active galactic nuclei: Evidence for an increasing reflection fraction with redshift \|Avirett-Mackenzie, M. S., Ballantyne, D. R., \| MNRAS \| 486-3488 \| 2019 \| 2019MNRAS.486.3488A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019MNRAS.486.3488A New constraints on sterile neutrino dark matter from NuSTAR M31 observations \|Ng, Kenny C. Y., Roach, Brandon M., et al. \| PhRvD \| 99-83005 \| 2019 \| 2019PhRvD..99h3005N \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019PhRvD..99h3005N Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas, Andrius, Bacon, David, et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood, Devon L., Jeltema, Tesla, et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese, A., Annis, J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P X-ray properties of the X-CLASS-redMaPPer galaxy cluster sample: the luminosity-temperature relation \|Molham, Mona, Clerc, Nicolas, et al. \| MNRAS \| 494-161 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.494..161M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.494..161M Multiwavelength classification of X-ray selected galaxy cluster candidates using convolutional neural networks \|Kosiba, Matej, Lieu, Maggie, et al. \| MNRAS \| 496-4141 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.496.4141K \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.496.4141K SPIDERS: overview of the X-ray galaxy cluster follow-up and the final spectroscopic data release \|Clerc, N., Kirkpatrick, C. C., et al. \| MNRAS \| 497-3976 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.497.3976C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.497.3976C An X-Ray- and SZ-bright Diffuse Source toward M31: A Local Hot Bridge \|Qu, Zhijie, Huang, Rui, et al. \| ApJ \| 907-14 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...907...14Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...907...14Q Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang, Yanxia, Zhao, Yongheng, \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z The Solar Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-Ray Lines \|Qu, Zhijie, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, et al. \| ApJ \| 930-21 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...21Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...21Q From Active Stars to Black Holes: A Discovery Tool for Galactic X-Ray Sources \|Rodriguez, Antonio C., \| PASP \| 136-054201 \| 2024 \| 2024PASP..136e4201R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PASP..136e4201R Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque, Pedro, Balaji, Shyam, \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2001-01-11T03:15:05Z/2001-01-11T05:35:26Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2002-10-09T00:00:00Z
Keywords	"dense cluster", "M31", "bright sources", "blackhole binary", "preliminary search", "mayall ii", "xray source", "bright source", "brightest globular cluster", "neutron star binary", "orbital variation", "x rays", "ROSAT", "massive globular cluster", "bright xray source"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Prof Frank Verbunt, 2002, 'X-rays from the brightest globular cluster of M31', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-f6tb4tn