A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: Three-quarter keV Observations of Baade.s Window and the Galactic Bulge
Published: 2003-07-09T00:00:00Z

Proposal ID	005094
Title	Three-quarter keV Observations of Baade.s Window and the Galactic Bulge
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0050940101 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0050940201 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0050940301 https://nxsa.esac.esa.int/nxsa-sl/servlet/data-action-aio?obsno=0050940401
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-ge4ish6
Principal Investigator, PI	Dr Steve Snowden
Abstract	Using four carefully distributed pointings, we propose to observe the soft-Xrayspectrum of the diffuse component of the Milky Way bulge through Baade.s window,i.e. nearly through the galactic center, and at two higher-z positions. Theforeground will be removed from these observations using a nearby pointingtowards a high-extinction region. We hope to use the bulge spectrum to: 1.Determine, with the aid of non-equilibrium modeling, the physical state of thegas at the base of the bulge, and how that state changes with distance from themid-plane. 2. Calculate the total diffuse soft X-ray emission from the bulge,to compare the Milky Way to the bulge of M101. 3. Determine the spectrum of theforeground emission that may be due to hot gas in the Sco-Cen bubble.
Publications	The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey. V. The Second XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue \|Watson, M. G., Schroder, A. C., et al. \| A&A \| 493-339 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...493..339W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...493..339W Statistical evaluation of the flux cross-calibration of the XMM-Newton EPIC cameras \|Mateos, S., Saxton, R. D., et al. \| A&A \| 496-879 \| 2009 \| 2009A&A...496..879M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009A&A...496..879M The XMM Cluster Survey: optical analysis methodology and the first data release \|Mehrtens, Nicola, Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 423-1024 \| 2012 \| 2012MNRAS.423.1024M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.423.1024M XMM-Newton data processing for faint diffuse emission. Proton flares, exposure maps and report on EPIC MOS1 bright CCDs contamination \|Pradas, J., Kerp, J., \| A&A \| 443-721 \| 2005 \| 2005A&A...443..721P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2005A&A...443..721P The XMM-Newton EPIC background and the production of background blank sky event files \|Carter, J. A., Read, A. M., \| A&A \| 464-1155 \| 2007 \| 2007A&A...464.1155C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2007A&A...464.1155C A Search for New Galactic Magnetars in Archival Chandra and XMM-Newton Observations \|Muno, M. P., Gaensler, B. M., et al. \| ApJ \| 680-639 \| 2008 \| 2008ApJ...680..639M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2008ApJ...680..639M Chandra Discovery of an Intermediate Polar in Baade.s Window \|Hong, Jae Sub, van den Berg, Maureen, et al. \| ApJ \| 699-1053 \| 2009 \| 2009ApJ...699.1053H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2009ApJ...699.1053H An All-Sky Atlas of Radio/X-ray Associations \|Flesch, E., \| PASA \| 27-283 \| 2010 \| 2010PASA...27..283F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2010PASA...27..283F The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology \|Lloyd-Davies, E. J., Romer, A. Kathy, et al. \| MNRAS \| 418-14 \| 2011 \| 2011MNRAS.418...14L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2011MNRAS.418...14L Exospheric solar wind charge exchange as seen by XMM-Newton \|Carter, J. A., Semba, S., \| AN \| 333-313 \| 2012 \| 2012AN....333..313C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012AN....333..313C Classification of X-Ray Sources in the XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalog \|Lin, Dacheng, Webb, Natalie A., \| ApJ \| 756-27 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJ...756...27L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...756...27L An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. II. An All-Sky Catalog of Diffuse O VII and O VIII Emission Intensities \|Henley, David B., Shelton, Robin L., \| ApJS \| 202-14 \| 2012 \| 2012ApJS..202...14H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJS..202...14H The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton \|De Luca, A., Molendi, S., \| A&A \| 419-837 \| 2004 \| 2004A&A...419..837D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2004A&A...419..837D The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation \|Shen, Yue, Ho, Luis C., \| Natur \| 513-210 \| 2014 \| 2014Natur.513..210S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014Natur.513..210S Sunyaev-Zel.dovich effect or not? Detecting the main foreground effect of most galaxy clusters \|Xiao, Weike, Chen, Chen, et al. \| MNRAS \| 432-41 \| 2013 \| 2013MNRAS.432L..41X \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432L..41X The Interaction of the Fermi Bubbles with the Milky Way.s Hot Gas Halo \|Miller, Matthew J., Bregman, Joel N., \| ApJ \| 829-9 \| 2016 \| 2016ApJ...829....9M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...829....9M The Million Optical - Radio/X-ray Associations (MORX) Catalogue \|Flesch, Eric W., \| PASA \| 33-52 \| 2016 \| 2016PASA...33...52F \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016PASA...33...52F Anisotropy of the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity-temperature relation \|Migkas, Konstantinos, Reiprich, Thomas H., \| A&A \| 611-50 \| 2018 \| 2018A&A...611A..50M \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..50M The XMM Cluster Survey: Present status and latest results \|Viana, P. T. P., Mehrtens, N., et al. \| AN \| 334-462 \| 2013 \| 2013AN....334..462V \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AN....334..462V The Spectrum of the Universe \|Hill, Ryley, Masui, Kiyoshi W., \| ApSpe \| 72-663 \| 2018 \| 2018ApSpe..72..663H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApSpe..72..663H X-ray chimneys in the Galactic Centre \|Chernyakova, Masha, \| Natur \| 567-318 \| 2019 \| 2019Natur.567..318C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019Natur.567..318C An X-ray chimney extending hundreds of parsecs above and below the Galactic Centre \|Ponti, G., Hofmann, F., et al. \| Natur \| 567-347 \| 2019 \| 2019Natur.567..347P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019Natur.567..347P Testing emergent gravity on galaxy cluster scales \|Tamosiunas, Andrius, Bacon, David, et al. \| JCAP \| 5-53 \| 2019 \| 2019JCAP...05..053T \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019JCAP...05..053T Chandra Follow-up of the SDSS DR8 Redmapper Catalog Using the MATCha Pipeline \|Hollowood, Devon L., Jeltema, Tesla, et al. \| ApJS \| 244-22 \| 2019 \| 2019ApJS..244...22H \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJS..244...22H Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters \|Palmese, A., Annis, J., et al. \| MNRAS \| 493-4591 \| 2020 \| 2020MNRAS.493.4591P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.493.4591P An X-Ray- and SZ-bright Diffuse Source toward M31: A Local Hot Bridge \|Qu, Zhijie, Huang, Rui, et al. \| ApJ \| 907-14 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...907...14Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...907...14Q The Galactic center chimneys: the base of the multiphase outflow of the Milky Way \|Ponti, G., Morris, M. R., et al. \| A&A \| 646-66 \| 2021 \| 2021A&A...646A..66P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021A&A...646A..66P Classification of 4XMM-DR9 sources by machine learning \|Zhang, Yanxia, Zhao, Yongheng, \| MNRAS \| 503-5263 \| 2021 \| 2021MNRAS.503.5263Z \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021MNRAS.503.5263Z Tracing the Milky Way.s Vestigial Nuclear Jet \|Cecil, Gerald, Wagner, Alexander Y., et al. \| ApJ \| 922-254 \| 2021 \| 2021ApJ...922..254C \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...922..254C The episodic and multiscale Galactic Centre \|Bryant, Aaron, Krabbe, Alfred, \| NewAR \| 93-101630 \| 2021 \| 2021NewAR..9301630B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021NewAR..9301630B The Solar Cycle Temporal Variation of the Solar Wind Charge Exchange X-Ray Lines \|Qu, Zhijie, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, et al. \| ApJ \| 930-21 \| 2022 \| 2022ApJ...930...21Q \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022ApJ...930...21Q X-ray astronomy comes of age \|Wilkes, Belinda J., Tucker, Wallace, et al. \| Natur \| 606-261 \| 2022 \| 2022Natur.606..261W \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022Natur.606..261W Study of the excess Fe XXV line emission in the central degrees of the Galactic centre using XMM-Newton data \|Anastasopoulou, K., Ponti, G., et al. \| A&A \| 671-55 \| 2023 \| 2023A&A...671A..55A \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...671A..55A Scientific objectives of the Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) mission \|Bregman, Joel, Cen, Renyue, et al. \| SCPMA \| 66-299513 \| 2023 \| 2023SCPMA..6699513B \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023SCPMA..6699513B The Fermi/eROSITA bubbles: a look into the nuclear outflow from the Milky Way \|Sarkar, Kartick C., \| A&ARv \| 32-1 \| 2024 \| 2024A&ARv..32....1S \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024A&ARv..32....1S The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O VII, O VIII, and Fe L-shell Transitions \|Pan, Zeyang, Qu, Zhijie, et al. \| ApJS \| 271-62 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJS..271...62P \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJS..271...62P From Active Stars to Black Holes: A Discovery Tool for Galactic X-Ray Sources \|Rodriguez, Antonio C., \| PASP \| 136-054201 \| 2024 \| 2024PASP..136e4201R \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PASP..136e4201R Robust constraints on feebly interacting particles using XMM-Newton \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-L101305 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j1305L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j1305L Multimessenger search for electrophilic feebly interacting particles from supernovae \|Luque, Pedro De la Torre, Balaji, Shyam, \| PhRvD \| 109-103028 \| 2024 \| 2024PhRvD.109j3028L \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024PhRvD.109j3028L Importance of Cosmic-Ray Propagation on Sub-GeV Dark Matter Constraints \|De la Torre Luque, Pedro, Balaji, Shyam, \| ApJ \| 968-46 \| 2024 \| 2024ApJ...968...46D \| http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024ApJ...968...46D
Instrument	EMOS1, EMOS2, EPN, OM, RGS1, RGS2
Temporal Coverage	2001-09-13T09:52:34Z/2002-03-14T14:47:25Z
Version	17.56_20190403_1200
Mission Description	The European Space Agencys (ESA) X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM-Newton) was launched by an Ariane 504 on December 10th 1999. XMM-Newton is ESAs second cornerstone of the Horizon 2000 Science Programme. It carries 3 high throughput X-ray telescopes with an unprecedented effective area, and an optical monitor, the first flown on a X-ray observatory. The large collecting area and ability to make long uninterrupted exposures provide highly sensitive observations. Since Earths atmosphere blocks out all X-rays, only a telescope in space can detect and study celestial X-ray sources. The XMM-Newton mission is helping scientists to solve a number of cosmic mysteries, ranging from the enigmatic black holes to the origins of the Universe itself. Observing time on XMM-Newton is being made available to the scientific community, applying for observational periods on a competitive basis.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/xmm-newton-helpdesk
Date Published	2003-07-09T00:00:00Z
Keywords	"hot gas", "bulge spectrum", "M101", "sco cen bubble", "mid plane", "foreground emission", "distributed pointings", "z positions", "diffuse component", "galactic center", "soft xray spectrum", "quarter kev", "galactic bulge", "extinction region", "equilibrium modeling"
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Dr Steve Snowden, 2003, 'Three-quarter keV Observations of Baade.s Window and the Galactic Bulge', 17.56_20190403_1200, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-ge4ish6