Cas A and Tycho are remnants of a core-collapse and a type Ia supernova explosion, respectively. Radioactive 44Ti has been observed from these two relatively young supernova remnants, and is believed to originate from the deep interiors of supernova explosions, representing physical conditions that are otherwise difficult to explore. 44Ti nucleosynthesis is assumed to occur in alpha-rich freeze-out from Si burning or NSE burning. The amount of 56Ni, which also is produced in the supernova interior, has been estimated indirectly; together, the 44Ti/56Ni ratio is a key diagnostic of the inner processes in a supernova explosion. Here we propose deep observations of the sky region including both Cassiopeia A and Tycho, in order to (1) advance Cas A 44Ti line results to sufficient quality for line shape and line ratio tests that reflect inner ejecta kinematics, and (2) obtain sufficient exposure for Tycho to confirm the 44Ti signal reported from other instruments in the hard X-ray range. The SWIFT detection of 44Ti from Tycho, a SN Ia remnant, adds to the puzzle of 44Ti synthesis and the origins of cosmic 44Ca. 44Ti deposits radioactive energy in nebular-phase supernova remnants through positrons, but the escape of positrons into interstellar space is an issue. Our planned observations will (3) constrain any local positron annihilation in the remnant itself, thus possibly explain the disk faintness in 511 keV gamma-rays. Young supernova remnants are also believed to be predominant sources of cosmic rays. Our observations aim (4) to search for direct evidence signs of local cosmic-rays within the remnants, such as nuclear de-excitation gamma-ray lines, and continuum emission from Bremsstrahlung.
Jitter Radiation as an Alternative Mechanism for the Nonthermal X-Ray Emission of Cassiopeia A - Greco, Emanuele, Vink, Jacco,Ellien, Amael,Ferrigno, Carlo (2023-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023ApJ...956..116G
Multiwavelength Observations of Fast Radio Bursts - Nicastro, Luciano, Guidorzi, Cristiano,Palazzi, Eliana,Zampieri, Luca,Turatto, Massimo,Gardini, Angela (2021-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021Univ....7...76N
Search for Evolutionary Changes in the Periods of the Cepheids CEa Cas and CEb Cas - Berdnikov, L. N., Belinskii, A. A.,Pastukhova, E. N.,Burlak, M. A.,Ikonnikova, N. P.,Mishin, E. O.,Shatskii, N. I. (2021-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021AstL...47...28B
Study of changes in the pulsation period of 148 Galactic Cepheid variables - Csornyei, G., Szabados, L.,Molnar, L.,Cseh, B.,Egei, N.,Kalup, Cs,Kecskemethy, V.,Konyves-Toth, R.,Sarneczky, K.,Szakats, R. (2022-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.511.2125C
26Al gamma rays from the Galaxy with INTEGRAL/SPI - Pleintinger, Moritz M. M., Diehl, Roland,Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin G. H. (2023-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...672A..53P
Temporal Coverage
2019-07-05T09:48:46Z / 2020-01-15T17:26:02Z
Version
1.0
Mission Description
The INTEGRAL (International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory) mission, launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on October 17, 2002, was designed to study high-energy phenomena in the universe. INTEGRAL was operating until february 2025 and it was equipped with three high-energy instruments: the Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS), the Spectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI), and the JEM-X (Joint European Monitor for X-rays). Its Optical Monitoring Camera (OMC) provided optical V-band magnitude measurements, complementing the high-energy observations.
European Space Agency, Diehl, 2025, 'Nucleosynthesis in supernovae, positron containment, and particle acceleration, in Cas A and Tycho SNRs', 1.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-m88hf9b
