A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: Hard X-ray spectroscopy of two ultraluminous X-ray sources and a low-luminosity AGN
Published: 2026-03-05T13:05:57Z

Proposal ID	0920014
Obs ID	09200140001
Title	Hard X-ray spectroscopy of two ultraluminous X-ray sources and a low-luminosity AGN
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://isla.esac.esa.int/tap/download/bundle?format=ascii_curl&product_id=prop_id:0920014
DOI	https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-rducfcw
Author	Sazonov
Abstract	The nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) remains unknown. We do not know whether they host stellar- or intermediate-mass black holes, nor do we have a clear understanding of the accretion process. Similarly poorly studied is accretion onto supermassive black holes in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN). To address these problems, high-sensitivity observations at energies above 10 keV are needed. We propose to add 2+2 Ms of exposure with INTEGRAL in AO9 and AO10 to a 4 Ms exposure to be accumulated in AO7 and AO8 in a unique field where two of the brightest ULXs, M82 X-1 and Holmberg IX X-1, and one of the brightest LLAGN, M81, are located. We will measure the spectra of these sources in the 3-100 keV energy band and study their spectral variability. A preliminary analysis of ~2.5 Ms of observations provided to us so far confirms the feasibility of achieving our scientific goals.
Publications	Background modelling for I3-ray spectroscopy with INTEGRAL/SPI - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Weinberger, Christoph,Pleintinger, Moritz M. M.,Greiner, Jochen,Zhang, Xiaoling (2019-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...626A..73S Comparing simulated ²⁶Al maps to gamma-ray measurements - Pleintinger, Moritz M. M., Siegert, Thomas,Diehl, Roland,Fujimoto, Yusuke,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin G. H.,Krumholz, Mark R. (2019-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...632A..73P Constraints on positron annihilation kinematics in the inner Galaxy - Siegert, Thomas, Crocker, Roland M.,Diehl, Roland,Krause, Martin G. H.,Panther, Fiona H.,Pleintinger, Moritz M. M.,Weinberger, Christoph (2019-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...627A.126S Cutoff in the hard X-ray spectra of the ultraluminous X-ray sources HoIX X-1 and M82 X-1 - Sazonov, S. Yu., Lutovinov, A. A.,Krivonos, R. A. (2014-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014AstL...40...65S Deep Hard X-ray Survey of the M81 Field Based on INTEGRAL¹ Data - Krivonos, R. A., Mereminskiy, I. A.,Sazonov, S. Yu. (2024-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024AstL...50...25K Discovery of blue companions to two southern Cepheids: WW Car and FN Vel - Kovtyukh, V., Szabados, L.,Chekhonadskikh, F.,Lemasle, B.,Belik, S. (2015-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.448.3567K Dose Measured On-Board INTEGRAL After More Than 12 Years in Space - Claret, Arnaud, Laurent, Philippe,Sauvageon, Aymeric,Savchenko, Volodymyr (2015-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ITNS...62.2784C Extreme relativistic electron fluxes in the Earths outer radiation belt: Analysis of INTEGRAL IREM data - Meredith, Nigel P., Horne, Richard B.,Sandberg, Ingmar,Papadimitriou, Constantinos,Evans, Hugh D. R. (2017-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017SpWea..15..917M Gamma-Ray Emission of ⁶⁰Fe and ²⁶Al Radioactivity in Our Galaxy - Wang, W., Siegert, T.,Dai, Z. G.,Diehl, R.,Greiner, J.,Heger, A.,Krause, M.,Lang, M.,Pleintinger, M. M. M.,Zhang, X. L. (2020-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020ApJ...889..169W Gamma-ray spectroscopy of positron annihilation in the Milky Way - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Khachatryan, Gerasim,Krause, Martin G. H.,Guglielmetti, Fabrizia,Greiner, Jochen,Strong, Andrew W.,Zhang, Xiaoling (2016-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...586A..84S Identification and period investigation of pulsation variable star UY Camelopardalis, an RR Lyrae star in binary system - Li, Lin-Jia, Qian, Sheng-Bang,Voloshina, Irina,Metlov, Vladimir G.,Zhu, Li-Ying,Liao, Wen-Ping (2018-08-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018PASJ...70...71L INTEGRAL 11-year hard X-ray survey above 100 keV - Krivonos, R., Tsygankov, S.,Lutovinov, A.,Revnivtsev, M.,Churazov, E.,Sunyaev, R. (2015-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.448.3766K INTEGRAL/IBIS deep extragalactic survey: M81, LMC and 3C 273/Coma fields - Mereminskiy, Ilya A., Krivonos, Roman A.,Lutovinov, Alexander A.,Sazonov, Sergey Yu.,Revnivtsev, Mikhail G.,Sunyaev, Rashid A. (2016-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.459..140M INTEGRAL Limits on Past High-energy Activity from FRB 20200120E in M81 - Mereghetti, S., Topinka, M.,Rigoselli, M.,Gotz, D. (2021-11-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021ApJ...921L...3M INTEGRAL/SPI {$gamma$}-ray line spectroscopy. Response and background characteristics - Diehl, Roland, Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin,Kretschmer, Karsten,Lang, Michael,Pleintinger, Moritz,Strong, Andrew W.,Weinberger, Christoph,Zhang, Xiaoling (2018-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..12D Investigating the nature of the INTEGRAL gamma-ray bursts and sub-threshold triggers with Swift follow-up - Higgins, A. B., Starling, R. L. C.,Gotz, D.,Mereghetti, S.,Wiersema, K.,Maccarone, T.,Osborne, J. P.,Tanvir, N. R.,O Brien, P. T.,Bird, A. J.,Rowlinson, A.,Gehrels, N. (2017-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.470..314H Multicolour modelling of SN 2013dx associated with GRB 130702A^★ - Volnova, A. A., Pruzhinskaya, M. V.,Pozanenko, A. S.,Blinnikov, S. I.,Minaev, P. Yu.,Burkhonov, O. A.,Chernenko, A. M.,Ehgamberdiev, Sh. A.,Inasaridze, R.,Jelinek, M.,Khorunzhev, G. A.,Klunko, E. V.,Krugly, Yu. N.,Mazaeva, E. D.,Rumyantsev, V. V.,Volvach, A. E. (2017-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.467.3500V New hard X-ray sources discovered in the ongoing INTEGRAL Galactic plane survey after 14 yr of observations - Krivonos, Roman A., Tsygankov, Sergey S.,Mereminskiy, Ilya A.,Lutovinov, Alexander A.,Sazonov, Sergey Yu.,Sunyaev, Rashid A. (2017-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.470..512K Search for 511 keV emission in satellite galaxies of the Milky Way with INTEGRAL/SPI - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Vincent, Aaron C.,Guglielmetti, Fabrizia,Krause, Martin G. H.,Boehm, Celine (2016-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...595A..25S Search for AGNs in Dwarf Galaxies in the the M81 Field with INTEGRAL Data - Mereminskiy, I. A., Sazonov, S. Yu.,Krivonos, R. A.,Karachentsev, I. D. (2023-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023AstL...49....1M ²⁶Al gamma rays from the Galaxy with INTEGRAL/SPI - Pleintinger, Moritz M. M., Diehl, Roland,Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin G. H. (2023-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...672A..53P The Galactic Bulge Diffuse Emission in Broadband X-Rays with NuSTAR - Perez, Kerstin, Krivonos, Roman,Wik, Daniel R. (2019-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJ...884..153P The Galactic ²⁶Al Emission Map as Revealed by INTEGRAL SPI - Bouchet, Laurent, Jourdain, Elisabeth,Roques, Jean-Pierre (2015-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ApJ...801..142B The INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue: an update - Malizia, A., Landi, R.,Molina, M.,Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A. J.,Ubertini, P. (2016-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.460...19M Type I X-ray Bursts Detected by the JEM-X Telescope Onboard the INTEGRAL Observatory in 2003-2015 - Chelovekov, I. V., Grebenev, S. A.,Mereminskiy, I. A.,Prosvetov, A. V. (2017-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017AstL...43..781C Unveiling the nature of INTEGRAL objects through optical spectroscopy. X. A new multi-year, multi-observatory campaign - Masetti, N., Parisi, P.,Palazzi, E.,Jimenez-Bailon, E.,Chavushyan, V.,McBride, V.,Rojas, A. F.,Steward, L.,Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A. J.,Charles, P. A.,Galaz, G.,Landi, R.,Malizia, A.,Mason, E.,Minniti, D.,Morelli, L.,Schiavone, F.,Stephen, J. B.,Ubertini, P. (2013-08-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013A&A...556A.120M VerticaVertical position of the Sun with gamma-rays - Siegert, Thomas, (2019-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...632L...1S Water megamaser emission in hard X-ray selected AGN - Panessa, F., Castangia, P.,Malizia, A.,Bassani, L.,Tarchi, A.,Bazzano, A.,Ubertini, P. (2020-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...641A.162P X-ray absorption in INTEGRAL active galactic nuclei. Host galaxy inclination - Malizia, A., Bassani, L.,Stephen, J. B.,Bazzano, A.,Ubertini, P. (2020-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...639A...5M
Temporal Coverage	2012-10-26T03:28:32Z / 2013-01-20T18:39:03Z
Version	1.0
Mission Description	The INTEGRAL (International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory) mission, launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on October 17, 2002, was designed to study high-energy phenomena in the universe. INTEGRAL was operating until february 2025 and it was equipped with three high-energy instruments: the Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS), the Spectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI), and the JEM-X (Joint European Monitor for X-rays). Its Optical Monitoring Camera (OMC) provided optical V-band magnitude measurements, complementing the high-energy observations.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/integral/helpdesk
Date Published	2026-03-05T13:05:57Z
Keywords	INTEGRAL gamma-ray data, ESA INTEGRAL mission dataset, gamma-ray astronomy observations, high-energy astrophysics data, IBIS imaging data, SPI spectrometer data, JEM-X X-ray monitoring data, OMC optical monitoring data, coded mask telescope observations, gamma-ray spectroscopy dataset, MeV astrophysics data, keV–MeV photon observations, gamma-ray burst observations dataset, black hole gamma-ray data, neutron star high-energy observations, positron annihilation 511 keV line data, Galactic Center gamma-ray emission dataset, supernova nucleosynthesis gamma-ray lines, active galactic nuclei high-energy data, transient astrophysical source monitoring, calibrated photon event lists, gamma-ray light curves, high-energy spectra data, sky maps gamma-ray, time-series astrophysical observations, long-term gamma-ray monitoring dataset
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Sazonov, 2026, 'Hard X-ray spectroscopy of two ultraluminous X-ray sources and a low-luminosity AGN', 1.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-rducfcw