A dataset provided by the European Space Agency

Name: The origin of X/gamma-ray emitting particles: cosmic-rays, antimatter and radioactivity in Cassiopeia A and Tycho
Published: 2025-03-25T09:54:36Z

Proposal ID	0820004
Obs ID	08200040001, 08200040002
Title	The origin of X/gamma-ray emitting particles: cosmic-rays, antimatter and radioactivity in Cassiopeia A and Tycho
Download Data Associated to the proposal	https://isla.esac.esa.int/tap/download/bundle?format=ascii_curl&product_id=prop_id:0820004
DOI	https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-i2hvodc
Author	Martin
Abstract	We propose to observe the Cassiopeia A and Tycho in order to constrain the production of various X/gamma-ray emitting particles by supernovae (SNe) and their remnants (SNRs). In AO-7, we argued that significant advances can be made with an additional 7Ms of exposure on these objects and we were granted 1.5Ms. We now require the continuation of the effort with a further 2Ms in AO-8. SNRs are established sources of cosmic-rays. A better characterisation thanks to IBIS of the hard X-ray spectra from both Cas A and Tycho will allow a better interpretation of the non-thermal emission from these objects. These observations are of great importance to constrain the maximum energy to which electrons are accelerated and the turbulent magnetic field and diffusion regime, two key ingredients of the diffusive shock acceleration theory. SNe and SNRs are also considered as the most likely sources of the galactic positrons, through the beta-decay of some of their nucleosynthesis products. It is still unclear which fraction of these positrons can escape SNe and SNRs to flow into the interstellar medium and feed the Galactic diffuse emission at 511keV observed with INTEGRAL. Constraining the 511keV emission from Cas A and Tycho with SPI will give valuable information about the positron escape fraction and transport, which are central to a full understanding of the leptonic antimatter content of our Galaxy. Stellar explosions also produce radioactive isotopes like 44Ti that upon decay give rise to gamma-ray line emission.The nucleosynthesis of 44Ti is highly sensitive to the physical conditions of the explosion. Observations with SPI and IBIS can help to identify at what location in the exploding star the 44Ti is produced and thus be a significant contribution to the understanding of the mechanisms by which stars explode. In addition to these topics, the Cassiopeia field harbours many hard X-ray sources to the study of which IBIS can strongly contribute.
Publications	A deep XMM-Newton observation of the X-Persei-like binary system CXOU J225355.1+624336 - La Palombara, N., Sidoli, L.,Esposito, P.,Israel, G. L.,Rodriguez Castillo, G. A. (2021-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021A&A...649A.118L An asymmetrical model for high-energy radiation of Cassiopeia A - Zhan, Shihong, Wang, Wei,Mou, Guobin,Li, Zhuo (2022-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.513.2471Z Anomalous Cepheids Discovered in a Sample of Galactic Short Period Type II Cepheids - Jurkovic, M. I., (2018-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018SerAJ.197...13J Background modelling for I3-ray spectroscopy with INTEGRAL/SPI - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Weinberger, Christoph,Pleintinger, Moritz M. M.,Greiner, Jochen,Zhang, Xiaoling (2019-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...626A..73S Broad-band study of hard X-ray-selected absorbed active galactic nuclei - de Rosa, A., Panessa, F.,Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A.,Landi, R.,Malizia, A.,Molina, M.,Ubertini, P. (2012-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.420.2087D Characterization of new hard X-ray cataclysmic variables - Bernardini, F., de Martino, D.,Falanga, M.,Mukai, K.,Matt, G.,Bonnet-Bidaud, J. -M.,Masetti, N.,Mouchet, M. (2012-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...542A..22B Comparing simulated ²⁶Al maps to gamma-ray measurements - Pleintinger, Moritz M. M., Siegert, Thomas,Diehl, Roland,Fujimoto, Yusuke,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin G. H.,Krumholz, Mark R. (2019-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...632A..73P Constraints on positron annihilation kinematics in the inner Galaxy - Siegert, Thomas, Crocker, Roland M.,Diehl, Roland,Krause, Martin G. H.,Panther, Fiona H.,Pleintinger, Moritz M. M.,Weinberger, Christoph (2019-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...627A.126S Diffuse Galactic emission spectrum between 0.5 and 8.0 MeV - Siegert, Thomas, Berteaud, Joanna,Calore, Francesca,Serpico, Pasquale D.,Weinberger, Christoph (2022-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022A&A...660A.130S Dose Measured On-Board INTEGRAL After More Than 12 Years in Space - Claret, Arnaud, Laurent, Philippe,Sauvageon, Aymeric,Savchenko, Volodymyr (2015-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ITNS...62.2784C Explosive Nucleosynthesis at Strong Stellar Magnetization - Kondratyev, V. N., Korovina, Yu. V. (2014-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014OAP....27...45K Extreme relativistic electron fluxes in the Earths outer radiation belt: Analysis of INTEGRAL IREM data - Meredith, Nigel P., Horne, Richard B.,Sandberg, Ingmar,Papadimitriou, Constantinos,Evans, Hugh D. R. (2017-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017SpWea..15..917M Fermi Transient J1544{dash}0649: A Flaring Radio-weak BL Lac - Bruni, Gabriele, Panessa, Francesca,Ghisellini, Gabriele,Chavushyan, Vahram,Pena-Herazo, Harold A.,Hernandez-Garcia, Lorena,Bazzano, Angela,Ubertini, Pietro,Kraus, Alex (2018-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018ApJ...854L..23B Galactic survey of ⁴⁴Ti sources with the IBIS telescope onboard INTEGRAL - Tsygankov, Sergey S., Krivonos, Roman A.,Lutovinov, Alexander A.,Revnivtsev, Mikhail G.,Churazov, Eugene M.,Sunyaev, Rashid A.,Grebenev, Sergey A. (2016-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.458.3411T Gamma-Ray Emission of ⁶⁰Fe and ²⁶Al Radioactivity in Our Galaxy - Wang, W., Siegert, T.,Dai, Z. G.,Diehl, R.,Greiner, J.,Heger, A.,Krause, M.,Lang, M.,Pleintinger, M. M. M.,Zhang, X. L. (2020-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020ApJ...889..169W Gamma-ray spectroscopy of positron annihilation in the Milky Way - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Khachatryan, Gerasim,Krause, Martin G. H.,Guglielmetti, Fabrizia,Greiner, Jochen,Strong, Andrew W.,Zhang, Xiaoling (2016-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...586A..84S Hard X-Ray Emission and ⁴⁴Ti Line Features of the Tycho Supernova Remnant - Wang, Wei, Li, Zhuo (2014-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...789..123W Hard X-ray emission cutoff in the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61 detected by INTEGRAL - Wang, Wei, Tong, Hao,Guo, Yan-Jun (2014-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014RAA....14..673W Hard X-Ray Emissions from Cassiopeia A Observed by INTEGRAL - Wang, Wei, Li, Zhuo (2016-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016ApJ...825..102W Cassiopeiae - Shrader, C. R., Hamaguchi, K.,Sturner, S. J.,Oskinova, L. M.,Almeyda, T.,Petre, R. (2015-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ApJ...799...84S INTEGRAL 11-year hard X-ray survey above 100 keV - Krivonos, R., Tsygankov, S.,Lutovinov, A.,Revnivtsev, M.,Churazov, E.,Sunyaev, R. (2015-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.448.3766K INTEGRAL/IBIS nine-year Galactic hard X-ray survey - Krivonos, R., Tsygankov, S.,Lutovinov, A.,Revnivtsev, M.,Churazov, E.,Sunyaev, R. (2012-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...545A..27K INTEGRAL Observations of Magnetars - Pacholski, Dominik Patryk, Ducci, Lorenzo,Topinka, Martin,Mereghetti, Sandro (2025-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2025AN....34640109P INTEGRAL/SPI {$gamma$}-ray line spectroscopy. Response and background characteristics - Diehl, Roland, Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin,Kretschmer, Karsten,Lang, Michael,Pleintinger, Moritz,Strong, Andrew W.,Weinberger, Christoph,Zhang, Xiaoling (2018-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...611A..12D Is 4U 0114+65 an eclipsing HMXB? - Pradhan, Pragati, Paul, Biswajit,Paul, B. C.,Bozzo, Enrico,Belloni, Tomaso M. (2015-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015MNRAS.454.4467P Jitter Radiation as an Alternative Mechanism for the Nonthermal X-Ray Emission of Cassiopeia A - Greco, Emanuele, Vink, Jacco,Ellien, Amael,Ferrigno, Carlo (2023-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023ApJ...956..116G Kinematics of massive star ejecta in the Milky Way as traced by ²⁶Al - Kretschmer, Karsten, Diehl, Roland,Krause, Martin,Burkert, Andreas,Fierlinger, Katharina,Gerhard, Ortwin,Greiner, Jochen,Wang, Wei (2013-11-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013A&A...559A..99K Leptonic origin of the 100 MeV γ-ray emission from the Galactic centre - Malyshev, D., Chernyakova, M.,Neronov, A.,Walter, R. (2015-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015A&A...582A..11M Magnetars and axion-like particles: probes with the hard X-ray spectrum - Fortin, Jean-Francois, Guo, Huai-Ke,Harris, Steven P.,Sheridan, Elijah,Sinha, Kuver (2021-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021JCAP...06..036F New hard X-ray sources discovered in the ongoing INTEGRAL Galactic plane survey after 14 yr of observations - Krivonos, Roman A., Tsygankov, Sergey S.,Mereminskiy, Ilya A.,Lutovinov, Alexander A.,Sazonov, Sergey Yu.,Sunyaev, Rashid A. (2017-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017MNRAS.470..512K New insights on the massive interacting binary UU Cassiopeiae - Mennickent, R. E., Djurasevic, G.,Vince, I.,Garces, J.,Hadrava, P.,Cabezas, M.,Petrovic, J.,Jurkovic, M. I.,Korcakova, D.,Markov, H. (2020-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...642A.211M On timing and spectral characteristics of the X-ray pulsar 4U 0115+63: Evolution of the pulsation period and the cyclotron line energy - Boldin, P. A., Tsygankov, S. S.,Lutovinov, A. A. (2013-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013AstL...39..375B Phase-resolved X-Ray Spectra of Magnetars and the Coronal Outflow Model - Hascoet, Romain, Beloborodov, Andrei M.,den Hartog, Peter R. (2014-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...786L...1H Precursors of short gamma-ray bursts detected by the INTEGRAL observatory - Minaev, Pavel, Pozanenko, Alexei,Molkov, Sergei (2018-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018IJMPD..2744013M Primordial black hole dark matter in the context of extra dimensions - Friedlander, Avi, Mack, Katherine J.,Schon, Sarah,Song, Ningqiang,Vincent, Aaron C. (2022-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022PhRvD.105j3508F Revisiting INTEGRAL/SPI observations of ⁴⁴Ti from Cassiopeia A - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Krause, Martin G. H.,Greiner, Jochen (2015-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015A&A...579A.124S Search for 511 keV emission in satellite galaxies of the Milky Way with INTEGRAL/SPI - Siegert, Thomas, Diehl, Roland,Vincent, Aaron C.,Guglielmetti, Fabrizia,Krause, Martin G. H.,Boehm, Celine (2016-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016A&A...595A..25S Search for Evolutionary Changes in the Periods of Cepheids: CF Cas - Berdnikov, L. N., Pastukhova, E. N. (2019-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019AstL...45...92B Search for Evolutionary Changes in the Periods of the Cepheids CEa Cas and CEb Cas - Berdnikov, L. N., Belinskii, A. A.,Pastukhova, E. N.,Burlak, M. A.,Ikonnikova, N. P.,Mishin, E. O.,Shatskii, N. I. (2021-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021AstL...47...28B Searching for γ-Ray Blazar Candidates among the Unidentified INTEGRAL Sources - Massaro, F., Paggi, A.,D Abrusco, R.,Tosti, G. (2012-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012ApJ...750L..35M Short gamma-ray bursts within 200 Mpc - Dichiara, S., Troja, E.,O Connor, B.,Marshall, F. E.,Beniamini, P.,Cannizzo, J. K.,Lien, A. Y.,Sakamoto, T. (2020-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020MNRAS.492.5011D Spectral Analysis in Orbital/Superorbital Phase Space and Hints of Superorbital Variability in the Hard X-Rays of LS I +61°303 - Li, Jian, Torres, Diego F.,Zhang, Shu (2014-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014ApJ...785L..19L Spin and spectral variations of a peculiar high-mass X-ray binary 4U 2206+54 - Wang, Wei, (2013-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013MNRAS.432..954W Study of changes in the pulsation period of 148 Galactic Cepheid variables - Csornyei, G., Szabados, L.,Molnar, L.,Cseh, B.,Egei, N.,Kalup, Cs,Kecskemethy, V.,Konyves-Toth, R.,Sarneczky, K.,Szakats, R. (2022-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2022MNRAS.511.2125C Sub-GeV dark matter annihilation: limits from Milky Way observations with INTEGRAL - Siegert, Thomas, Calore, Francesca,Serpico, Pasquale Dario (2024-02-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2024MNRAS.528.3433S ²⁶Al gamma rays from the Galaxy with INTEGRAL/SPI - Pleintinger, Moritz M. M., Diehl, Roland,Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen,Krause, Martin G. H. (2023-04-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2023A&A...672A..53P ⁴⁴Ti ejecta in young supernova remnants - Weinberger, Christoph, Diehl, Roland,Pleintinger, Moritz M. M.,Siegert, Thomas,Greiner, Jochen (2020-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...638A..83W Surround and Squash: the impact of superbubbles on the interstellar medium in Scorpius-Centaurus OB2 - Krause, Martin G. H., Burkert, Andreas,Diehl, Roland,Fierlinger, Katharina,Gaczkowski, Benjamin,Kroell, Daniel,Ngoumou, Judith,Roccatagliata, Veronica,Siegert, Thomas,Preibisch, Thomas (2018-11-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2018A&A...619A.120K Synthesis of radioactive elements in novae and supernovae and their use as a diagnostic tool - Isern, J., Hernanz, M.,Bravo, E.,Grebenev, S.,Jean, P.,Renaud, M.,Siegert, T.,Vink, J. (2021-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2021NewAR..9201606I The Galactic Bulge Diffuse Emission in Broadband X-Rays with NuSTAR - Perez, Kerstin, Krivonos, Roman,Wik, Daniel R. (2019-10-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019ApJ...884..153P The Galactic ²⁶Al Emission Map as Revealed by INTEGRAL SPI - Bouchet, Laurent, Jourdain, Elisabeth,Roques, Jean-Pierre (2015-03-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2015ApJ...801..142B The INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue: an update - Malizia, A., Landi, R.,Molina, M.,Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A. J.,Ubertini, P. (2016-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2016MNRAS.460...19M The INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue - I. X-ray absorption properties versus optical classification - Malizia, A., Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A. J.,Masetti, N.,Panessa, F.,Stephen, J. B.,Ubertini, P. (2012-11-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012MNRAS.426.1750M The Period Analysis of V418 Aql, SU Boo, RV CVn, CR Cas, GV Cyg, V432 Per, and BD+42 2782 - Zasche, P., Wolf, M.,Uhlar, R.,Kucakova, H. (2014-06-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014AJ....147..130Z The spectral catalogue of INTEGRAL gamma-ray bursts. results of the joint IBIS/SPI spectral analysis - Bosnjak, Z., Gotz, D.,Bouchet, L.,Schanne, S.,Cordier, B. (2014-01-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014A&A...561A..25B Timing properties of gamma-ray bursts detected by SPI-ACS detector onboard INTEGRAL - Savchenko, V., Neronov, A.,Courvoisier, T. J. -L. (2012-05-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2012A&A...541A.122S Type I X-ray Bursts Detected by the JEM-X Telescope Onboard the INTEGRAL Observatory in 2003-2015 - Chelovekov, I. V., Grebenev, S. A.,Mereminskiy, I. A.,Prosvetov, A. V. (2017-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2017AstL...43..781C Unveiling the nature of INTEGRAL objects through optical spectroscopy. X. A new multi-year, multi-observatory campaign - Masetti, N., Parisi, P.,Palazzi, E.,Jimenez-Bailon, E.,Chavushyan, V.,McBride, V.,Rojas, A. F.,Steward, L.,Bassani, L.,Bazzano, A.,Bird, A. J.,Charles, P. A.,Galaz, G.,Landi, R.,Malizia, A.,Mason, E.,Minniti, D.,Morelli, L.,Schiavone, F.,Stephen, J. B.,Ubertini, P. (2013-08-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2013A&A...556A.120M V745 Cassiopean interacting young massive binary in a multiple-star system - Cakirli, O., Ibanoglu, C.,Sipahi, E. (2014-08-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014MNRAS.442.1560C VerticaVertical position of the Sun with gamma-rays - Siegert, Thomas, (2019-12-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2019A&A...632L...1S Water megamaser emission in hard X-ray selected AGN - Panessa, F., Castangia, P.,Malizia, A.,Bassani, L.,Tarchi, A.,Bazzano, A.,Ubertini, P. (2020-09-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...641A.162P X-ray absorption in INTEGRAL active galactic nuclei. Host galaxy inclination - Malizia, A., Bassani, L.,Stephen, J. B.,Bazzano, A.,Ubertini, P. (2020-07-01) http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020A&A...639A...5M
Temporal Coverage	2011-01-11T13:10:22Z / 2011-08-17T13:22:43Z
Version	1.0
Mission Description	The INTEGRAL (International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory) mission, launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) on October 17, 2002, was designed to study high-energy phenomena in the universe. INTEGRAL was operating until february 2025 and it was equipped with three high-energy instruments: the Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite (IBIS), the Spectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI), and the JEM-X (Joint European Monitor for X-rays). Its Optical Monitoring Camera (OMC) provided optical V-band magnitude measurements, complementing the high-energy observations.
Creator Contact	https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/integral/helpdesk
Date Published	2025-03-25T09:54:36Z
Publisher And Registrant	European Space Agency
Credit Guidelines	European Space Agency, Martin, 2025, 'The origin of X/gamma-ray emitting particles: cosmic-rays, antimatter and radioactivity in Cassiopeia A and Tycho', 1.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.57780/esa-i2hvodc