| Description |
Water is one of the most abundant species in star-forming regions and plays important roles in both the energy balance, acting as a coolant, and the chemistry of star formation. Many of the species involved in the water chemistry emit in the far-infrared and are thus not observable from ground based facilities because of atmospheric absorption. Therefore, the Herschel Space Observatory provides a unique opportunity to study the chemical reactions involved in the formation and destruction of water and to probe the energetic processes in star-forming regions. Previous results from Herschel have shown that two species, OH+ and H2O+, that were thought to be important in the water chemistry of young stellar objects, are now mainly attributed to foreground clouds. These results raised the question on which chemical paths the formation and destruction of water takes place in the interior of protostellar envelopes.In this proposal, we plan to observe the different formation and destruction routes of water in a sample of eight nearby young stellar objects, which were chosen to cover a broad range of masses, luminosities and evolutionary stages. We propose to observe H3O+ and HCO+, two species that are closely linked to the formation and destruction of H2O and require high temperatures for excitation, in serveral high-J lines. This effort is complementary to the observations of H2O and OH done in the Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH) key project. The combination of the information from the H2O, OH, H3O+ and HCO+ emission will tell us on which routes the formation and destruction of H2O in protostellar envelopes proceeds. |
| Keywords |
Herschel Space Observatory data, ESA Herschel mission dataset, far-infrared astronomy observations, submillimeter astronomy data, infrared space telescope observations, PACS photometer data, PACS spectrometer data, SPIRE photometer data, SPIRE Fourier transform spectrometer data, HIFI heterodyne spectroscopy data, far-infrared spectroscopy dataset, submillimeter spectral line observations, cold universe observations dataset, star formation infrared data, molecular cloud far-infrared observations, interstellar medium spectroscopy data, protoplanetary disk infrared observations, galaxy evolution far-infrared data, dust emission submillimeter observations, cosmic infrared background measurements, extragalactic infrared survey data, calibrated level 2 data products, FITS files astronomy, spectral cubes far-infrared, flux-calibrated maps, continuum photometry data, spectral energy distribution measurements, ESA Herschel Science Archive data |
