We propose a PACS imaging survey to study galactic winds from nearby starburst galaxies. We will obtain very deep PACS 70/160 micron data to map the detailed distribution of cold (T<100 K) dust in a small but representative sample of galaxies that are known to host outflows. These data will be compared to state-of-the-art, 3D numerical simulations of superwinds and predicted PACS fluxes. Direct and indirect evidence shows that dust is present on large (kiloparsec) scales in outflows in some starburst galaxies. However, this dust has never been mapped at wavelengths of 70-160 microns, and its geometry, mass, and energy are almost completely unknown. Recent spectacular SPIRE results on M82, as well as our own Spitzer IRAC 8-micron and MIPS 24-micron maps of the targeted wind galaxies, suggest that this survey will yield exciting new insights on the cold dust in these outflows. We will ascertain the significance of dusty superwinds in the context of outflow physics and the impact of the outflows on the host galaxies and the intergalactic medium. We will compare the distribution, mass, and energy of the cold dust to optical emission-line and absorption-line, mid-infrared, X-ray, and radio data compiled by us and other groups. We note that several of our targets are being mapped with PACS and SPIRE as part of key programs (KPs). However, the objectives of these programs are heterogeneous and often neglect the importance of outflow science. This is reflected in the depth of the observations at the critical shorter wavelengths, near the peak of the IR SED: the PACS KP data will not be able to detect the FIR emission expected from a M82-like wind in our galaxies. There is currently no plan to address this problem but one is necessary to take full advantage of Herschel in this field. The proposed PACS survey will go nearly an order of magnitude deeper than the KP data and will complement the SPIRE port...ion of the KPs, while providing many advantages over the SPIRE data.
Publication
DustPedia: Multiwavelength photometry and imagery of 875 nearby galaxies in 42 ultraviolet-microwave bands . Clark C. J. R. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 609, id.A37, 30 pp. . 609 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201731419 . 2018A&A...609A..37C , The post-Herschel view of intrinsic AGN emission: constructing templates for galaxy and AGN emission at IR wavelengths . Bernhard E. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2021MNRAS.503.2598B , Probing the spectral shape of dust emission with the DustPedia galaxy sample . Nersesian Angelos et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2021MNRAS.506.3986N , Infrared colours and spectral energy distributions of hard X-ray selected obscured and Compton-thick active galactic nuclei . Kilerci Eser Ece et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.494.5793K , Investigating the Covering Fraction Distribution of Swift/BAT AGNs with X-Ray and Infrared Observations . Lanz Lauranne et al. . The Astrophysical Journal . null . null . 2019ApJ...870...26L , A nearby galaxy perspective on dust evolution. Scaling relations and constraints on the dust build-up in galaxies with the DustPedia and DGS samples . Galliano Frédéric et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2021A&A...649A..18G , Reproducing the Universe: a comparison between the EAGLE simulations and the nearby DustPedia galaxy sample . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.494.2823T , Exploring the dust content of galactic haloes with Herschel - IV. NGC 3079 . Veilleux S. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null .... null . 2021MNRAS.508.4902V , Dust emissivity and absorption cross section in DustPedia late-type galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...631A.102B , DustPedia: the relationships between stars, gas, and dust for galaxies residing in different environments . Davies J. I. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...626A..63D , Old and young stellar populations in DustPedia galaxies and their role in dust heating . Nersesian A. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...624A..80N , BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. XI. The Covering Factor of Dust and Gas in Swift/BAT Active Galactic Nuclei . Ichikawa Kohei et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 870, Issue 1, article id. 31, 16 pp. (2019). . 870 . 10.3847\/1538-4357\/aaef8f . 2019ApJ...870...31I , Fraction of bolometric luminosity absorbed by dust in DustPedia galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 620, id.A112, 21 pp. . 620 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833699 . 2018A&A...620A.112B , A 60 kpc Galactic Wind Cone in NGC 3079 . Hodges-Kluck Edmund J. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal . null . null . 2020ApJ...903...35H , UV to submillimetre luminosity functions of TNG50 galaxies . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2022MNRAS.516.3728T , DustPedia: A Definitive Study of Cosmic Dust in the Local Universe . Davies J. I. et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Volume 129, Issue 974, pp. 044102 (2017). . 129 . 10.1088\/1538-3873\/129\/974\/044102 . 2017PASP..129d4102D , The ISM scaling relations in DustPedia late-type galaxies: A benchmark study for the Local Universe . Casasola V. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...633A.100C ,
Instrument
PACS_PacsPhoto_largeScan, SPIRE_SpirePhoto_large
Temporal Coverage
2011-05-30T23:29:44Z/2012-01-20T00:47:44Z
Version
SPG v14.2.0
Mission Description
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009! It is the fourth 'cornerstone' mission in the ESA science programme. With a 3.5 m Cassegrain telescope it is the largest space telescope ever launched. It is performing photometry and spectroscopy in approximately the 55-671 µm range, bridging the gap between earlier infrared space missions and groundbased facilities.
European Space Agency, 2012, Exploring The Dust Content Of Galactic Winds With Herschel, SPG v14.2.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-pud4nm0
