Hi-GAL360 will use PACS and SPIRE in parallel mode to obtain a 5-band photometric survey of the Outer Galactic Plane (OGP, beyond the solar circle) in the longitude range complementary to the Hi-GAL Open Time KP, i.e., 68 < l < 288 in a 2-wide strip in latitude following the mid-plane of emission.
Hi-GAL360 data will enable a complete census of temperature, mass, density, column density and luminosity of filaments, clumps, and cores in the less confused outer Galaxy, where the assembly of filamentary structures and clouds and their fragmentation into clumps and cores can be uniquely characterised in low-metallicity and HI-dominated environments that are so different with respect to the inner Galaxy.
A complete OGP survey is required to obtain a statistically significant sampling of Galactic diversity - the full range of spiral arm, inter-arm, dust cloud, and star formation region properties - avoiding biases introduced by the study of specific or limited regions.
Hi-GAL360, together with Hi-GAL, will chart the Star Formation Rate and Efficiency from the Galactic Center to the far outer Galaxy, mapping the location and properties of star formation thresholds, thus providing the much needed connection between global scaling laws and the diversity of physical processes at work in the Galaxy. It will lay the foundations for a predictive, quantitative model of how star formation is triggered and regulated on all scales in the Milky Way. Such a model is vital to a full understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.
The merged Hi-GAL360/Hi-GAL .Atlas of the Galaxy. will provide essential .ground truth. for the interpretation of Herschel data on other galaxies from the Local Group to the high-redshift Universe where these objects are blended, and it will be the Herschel leg...acy that will remain unsurpassed for decades as the definitive survey of far-IR emission from the Galaxy.
Given our demonstrated community-oriented approach, we again waive our proprietary period.
Publication
Multifractal analysis of the interstellar medium: first application to Hi-GAL observations . Elia Davide et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 481, Issue 1, p.509-532 . 481 . 10.1093\/mnras\/sty2170 . 2018MNRAS.481..509E , The Hi-GAL compact source catalogue - II. The 360° catalogue of clump physical properties . Elia Davide et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2021MNRAS.504.2742E , A high dust emissivity index β for a CO-faint galaxy in a filamentary Lyα nebula at z = 3.1 . Kato Yuta et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Volume 70, Issue 5, id.L6 . 70 . 10.1093\/pasj\/psy087 . 2018PASJ...70L...6K , A systematic study of Galactic infrared bubbles along the Galactic plane with AKARI and Herschel . Hanaoka Misaki et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Volume 71, Issue 1, id.6 . 71 . 10.1093\/pasj\/psy126 . 2019PASJ...71....6H , First Extended Catalogue of Galactic bubble infrared fluxes from WISE and Herschel surveys . Bufano F. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 473, Issue 3, p.3671-3692 . 473 . 10.1093\/mnras\/stx2560 . 2018MNRAS.473.3671B , The First Hi-GAL Observations of the Outer Galaxy: A Look at Star Formation in the Third Galactic Quadrant in the Longitude Range 216.°5 <virgul l <virgul 225.°5 . Elia D. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 772, Issue 1, article id. 45, 20 pp. (2013). . 772 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/772\/1\/45 . 2013ApJ...772...45E , The Hi-GAL catalog...ue of dusty filamentary structures in the Galactic plane . Schisano Eugenio et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.492.5420S , The evolutionary status of protostellar clumps hosting class II methanol masers . Jones B. M. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.493.2015J , The Forgotten Quadrant Survey. 12CO and 13CO (1-0) survey of the Galactic plane in the range 220° &lt;l &lt;240° -2.°5 &lt; b &lt; 0° . Benedettini M. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...633A.147B , Multitemperature mapping of dust structures throughout the Galactic Plane using the PPMAP tool with Herschel Hi-GAL data . Marsh K. A. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 471, Issue 3, p.2730-2742 . 471 . 10.1093\/mnras\/stx1723 . 2017MNRAS.471.2730M , Physical properties of Galactic Planck cold cores revealed by the Hi-GAL survey . Zahorecz S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 591, id.A105, 21 pp. . 591 . 10.1051\/0004-6361\/201527909 . 2016A&A...591A.105Z , Thermal balance and comparison of gas and dust properties of dense clumps in the Hi-GAL survey . Merello M. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 483, Issue 4, p.5355-5379 . 483 . 10.1093\/mnras\/sty3453 . 2019MNRAS.483.5355M , The Identification of Filaments on Far-infrared and Submillimiter Images: Morphology, Physical Conditions and Relation with Star Formation of Filamentary Structure . Schisano E. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 791, Issue 1, article id. 27, 23 pp. (2014). . 791 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/791\/1\/27 . 2014ApJ...791...27S , Characterizing the Structure of Diffuse Emission in Hi-GAL Maps . Elia D. et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 788, Issue 1, article id. 3, 14 pp. (2014). . 788 . 10.1088\/0004-637X\/788\/1\/3 . 2014ApJ...788....3E ,
Instrument
SPIRE\/PACS parallel_SpirePacsParallel_
Temporal Coverage
2011-05-05T14:33:03Z/2013-03-01T06:53:25Z
Version
SPG v14.2.0
Mission Description
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009! It is the fourth 'cornerstone' mission in the ESA science programme. With a 3.5 m Cassegrain telescope it is the largest space telescope ever launched. It is performing photometry and spectroscopy in approximately the 55-671 µm range, bridging the gap between earlier infrared space missions and groundbased facilities.
European Space Agency, 2013, Hi-Gal360: The Crucial Step Toward A Global Understanding Of Star Formation In The Milky Way, SPG v14.2.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-bitplie
