We propose to use Herschel PACS and SPIRE observations to develop a detailed characterization of the envelope temperature and density structure in four nearby (d ~ 200-300 pc) protostars. This will enable us to understand how the non-axisymmetric structure in the surrounding dusty envelopes affects the infall process and the structure of the inner envelope. The goal of this proposal is to take advantage of the superb spatial resolution in the far-IR and sub-millimeter to constrain envelope densities and temperatures over the wide range of spatial scales involved in protostar formation. The proposed observations will resolve the warm inner envelope around these protostars with PACS and map the cold outer envelope with PACS and SPIRE with unparalleled sensitivity and resolution. The multi-band Herschel data enable us to construct dust temperature and density maps which we will combine with our existing Spitzer/near-IR dust extinction maps and measurements of envelope mass and morphology. We will interpret our observations using radiative transfer models to provide the most comprehensive characterizations of protostellar envelope density and temperature structures with which to confront theory.
Publication
The Class 0 Protostar BHR71: Herschel Observations and Dust Continuum Models | Yang Yao-Lun et al. | The Astrophysical Journal Volume 835 Issue 2 article id. 259 27 pp. (2017). | 835 | 10.3847\\/1538-4357\\/835\\/2\\/259 | 2017ApJ...835..259Y | http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ApJ...835..259Y
Intensity-corrected Herschel Observations of Nearby Isolated Low-mass Clouds | Sadavoy Sarah I. et al. | The Astrophysical Journal Volume 852 Issue 2 article id. 102 26 pp. (2018). | 852 | 10.3847\\/1538-4357\\/aaa080 | 2018ApJ...852..102S | http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ApJ...852..102S
The Evolution of Far-infrared CO Emission from Protostars | Manoj P. et al. | The Astrophysical Journal Volume 831 Issue 1 article id. 69 11 pp. (2016). | 831 | 10.3847\\/0004-637X\\/831\\/1\\/69 | 2016ApJ...831...69M | http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ApJ...831...69M
The Formation Conditions of the Wide Binary Class 0 Protostars within BHR 71 | Tobin John J. et al. | The Astrophysical Journal Volume 870 Issue 2 article id. 81 30 pp. (2019). | 870 | 10.3847\\/1538-4357\\/aaef87 | 2019ApJ...870...81T | http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ApJ...870...81T
A Multi-band Catalog of 10978 Star Clusters Associations and Candidates in the Milky Way | Bica Eduardo et al. | The Astronomical Journal Volume 157 Issue 1 article id. 12 14 pp. (2019). | 157 | 10.3847\\/1538-3881\\/aaef8d | 2019AJ....157...12B | http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019AJ....157...12B
Instrument
PACS_PacsPhoto_largeScan, SPIRE_SpirePhoto_large
Temporal Coverage
2011-07-28T15:54:13Z/2011-09-22T07:57:21Z
Version
SPG v14.2.0
Mission Description
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009! It is the fourth cornerstone mission in the ESA science programme. With a 3.5 m Cassegrain telescope it is the largest space telescope ever launched. It is performing photometry and spectroscopy in approximately the 55-671 µm range, bridging the gap between earlier infrared space missions and groundbased facilities.
European Space Agency, tobin et al., 2012, 'Protostellar Envelopes Resolved Inside and Out: A Close Look in the Far-IR', SPG v14.2.0, European Space Agency, https://doi.org/10.5270/esa-b7s7n1p
