Despite IRAS, ISO and Spitzer, there is still much we do know about dust in galaxies, partly because of sensitivity limitations and partly because previous telescopes were insensitive to dust colder than about 15 K. Our knowledge is especially poor for ellipticals which have barely been detected by previous telescopes. As part of the SPIRE GT programme, we propose to obtain images at 250, 350 and 520 microns of a sample of 323 galaxies selected to be useful both for studying the dust in individual galaxies and for drawing statistical conclusions about the role of dust in galaxies in general. The Herschel Reference Survey will be the first survey sensitive to all the dust in galaxies and which will detect dust in galaxies of all Hubble types. Apart from its legacy value, we intend to use the survey for the following projects: 1) We will make a comprehensive study of dust along the Hubble sequence, investigating how the dust mass varies with Hubble type. mass of stars, current star formation rate, past star formation rate, and the masses of molecular and atomic gas. 2) We will investigate within individual galaxies the connections between the star formation rate and the different phases of the ISM, from the nucleus to the HI outside the optical disk. 3) We will investigate how the mass and distribution of dust depend on a galaxy.s environment. 4) We will investigate whether there is an intergalactic dust cycle by looking for dusty halos, dusty superwinds and tidally-stripped dust around galaxies. 5) We will investigate the origin of dust in ellipticals, and the evolution of the galaxies themselves, by looking for dust disks and dust shells and by looking for correlations between the mass and distribution of the dust and the other properties of the galaxy. 6) We will measure the local luminosity and dust-mass functions, which will be necessary to interpret the results of the deep surveys, another part o...f the proposed GT programme. The total time required for the survey is 112.6 hours.
Publication
Far-infrared and dust properties of present-day galaxies in the EAGLE simulations . Camps Peter et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 462, Issue 1, p.1057-1075 . 462 . 10.1093/mnras/stw1735 . 2016MNRAS.462.1057C , Using dust, gas and stellar mass-selected samples to probe dust sources and sinks in low-metallicity galaxies . De Vis P. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 471, Issue 2, p.1743-1765 . 471 . 10.1093/mnras/stx981 . 2017MNRAS.471.1743D , Submillimetre photometry of 323 nearby galaxies from the Herschel Reference Survey . Ciesla L. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 543, id.A161, 95 pp. . 543 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201219216 . 2012A&A...543A.161C , Far-reaching dust distribution in galaxy discs . Smith Matthew W. L. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 462, Issue 1, p.331-344 . 462 . 10.1093/mnras/stw1611 . 2016MNRAS.462..331S , Scaling relations and baryonic cycling in local star-forming galaxies. I. The sample . Ginolfi M. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...638A...4G , JINGLE - IV. Dust, H I gas, and metal scaling laws in the local Universe . De Looze I. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.496.3668D , The dust scaling relations of the Herschel Reference Survey . Cortese L. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 540, id.A52, 17 pp. . 540 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201118499 . 2012A&A...540A..52C , DustPedia: the relationships bet...ween stars, gas, and dust for galaxies residing in different environments . Davies J. I. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...626A..63D , The high-redshift SFR-M* relation is sensitive to the employed star formation rate and stellar mass indicators: towards addressing the tension between observations and simulations . Katsianis A. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.492.5592K , Old and young stellar populations in DustPedia galaxies and their role in dust heating . Nersesian A. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...624A..80N , The bolometric and UV attenuation in normal spiral galaxies of the Herschel Reference Survey . Viaene S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 586, id.A13, 13 pp. . 586 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201527586 . 2016A&A...586A..13V , Lurking systematics in predicting galaxy cold gas masses using dust luminosities and star formation rates . Janowiecki Steven et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 476, Issue 1, p.1390-1404 . 476 . 10.1093/mnras/sty242 . 2018MNRAS.476.1390J , The Galaxy End Sequence . Eales Stephen et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 465, Issue 3, p.3125-3133 . 465 . 10.1093/mnras/stw2875 . 2017MNRAS.465.3125E , Dust spectral energy distributions of nearby galaxies: an insight from the Herschel Reference Survey . Ciesla L. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 565, id.A128, 33 pp. . 565 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201323248 . 2014A&A...565A.128C , DustPedia: A Definitive Study of Cosmic Dust in the Local Universe . Davies J. I. et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Volume 129, Issue 974, pp. 044102 (2017). . 129 . 10.1088/1538-3873/129/974/044102 . 2017PASP..129d4102D , The ISM scaling relations in DustPedia late-type galaxies: A benchmark study for the Local Universe . Casasola V. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...633A.100C , DustPedia: Multiwavelength photometry and imagery of 875 nearby galaxies in 42 ultraviolet-microwave bands . Clark C. J. R. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 609, id.A37, 30 pp. . 609 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201731419 . 2018A&A...609A..37C , Panchromatic spectral energy distributions of simulated galaxies: results at redshift z = 0 . Goz David et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 469, Issue 4, p.3775-3791 . 469 . 10.1093/mnras/stx869 . 2017MNRAS.469.3775G , The selective effect of environment on the atomic and molecular gas-to-dust ratio of nearby galaxies in the Herschel Reference Survey . Cortese L. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 459, Issue 4, p.3574-3584 . 459 . 10.1093/mnras/stw801 . 2016MNRAS.459.3574C , A Model Connecting Galaxy Masses, Star Formation Rates, and Dust Temperatures across Cosmic Time . Imara Nia et al. . The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 854, Issue 1, article id. 36, 15 pp. (2018). . 854 . 10.3847/1538-4357/aaa3f0 . 2018ApJ...854...36I , The distribution of interstellar dust in CALIFA edge-on galaxies via oligochromatic radiative transfer fitting . De Geyter Gert et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 441, Issue 1, p.869-885 . 441 . 10.1093/mnras/stu612 . 2014MNRAS.441..869D , Do bulges stop stars forming? . Eales Stephen et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.491...69E , A nearby galaxy perspective on dust evolution. Scaling relations and constraints on the dust build-up in galaxies with the DustPedia and DGS samples . Galliano Frédéric et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2021A&A...649A..18G , Reproducing the Universe: a comparison between the EAGLE simulations and the nearby DustPedia galaxy sample . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2020MNRAS.494.2823T , The bivariate luminosity and mass functions of the local HRS galaxy sample. The stellar, dust, and gas mass functions . Andreani P. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 617, id.A33, 12 pp. . 617 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201832873 . 2018A&A...617A..33A , Dust emissivity and absorption cross section in DustPedia late-type galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2019A&A...631A.102B , Predicting the global far-infrared SED of galaxies via machine learning techniques . Dobbels W. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...634A..57D , Far-infrared colours of nearby late-type galaxies in the Herschel Reference Survey . Boselli A. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 540, id.A54, 22 pp. . 540 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201118602 . 2012A&A...540A..54B , The molecular mass function of the local Universe . Andreani P. et al. . Astronomy and Astrophysics . null . null . 2020A&A...643L..11A , Fraction of bolometric luminosity absorbed by dust in DustPedia galaxies . Bianchi S. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 620, id.A112, 21 pp. . 620 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201833699 . 2018A&A...620A.112B , UV to submillimetre luminosity functions of TNG50 galaxies . Trčka Ana et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . null . null . 2022MNRAS.516.3728T , Dust and star formation properties of a complete sample of local galaxies drawn from the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue . Clemens M. S. et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 433, Issue 1, p.695-711 . 433 . 10.1093/mnras/stt760 . 2013MNRAS.433..695C , AKARI and IRAS: From beam corrections to SEDs . Clements David L. et al. . Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Volume 71, Issue 1, id.7 . 71 . 10.1093/pasj/psy099 . 2019PASJ...71....7C , The bivariate K-band-submillimetre luminosity functions of the local HRS galaxy sample . Andreani P. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 566, id.A70, 8 pp. . 566 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201322747 . 2014A&A...566A..70A , Dust emission profiles of DustPedia galaxies . Mosenkov A. V. et al. . Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 622, id.A132, 24 pp. . 622 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201833932 . 2019A&A...622A.132M , The new galaxy evolution paradigm revealed by the Herschel surveys . Eales Stephen et al. . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 473, Issue 3, p.3507-3524 . 473 . 10.1093/mnras/stx2548 . 2018MNRAS.473.3507E ,
Instrument
SPIRE_SpirePhoto_small, SPIRE_SpirePhoto_large
Temporal Coverage
2009-12-30T23:58:18Z/2010-12-07T10:46:14Z
Version
SPG v14.1.0
Mission Description
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009! It is the fourth 'cornerstone' mission in the ESA science programme. With a 3.5 m Cassegrain telescope it is the largest space telescope ever launched. It is performing photometry and spectroscopy in approximately the 55-671 µm range, bridging the gap between earlier infrared space missions and groundbased facilities.
